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Chapter 16: Problem 27
What are the strongest acid and strongest base that can exist in water?
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Write the equation relating \(K_{\mathrm{a}}\) for a weak acid and \(K_{\mathrm{b}}\) for its conjugate base. Use \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) and its conjugate acid \(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\) to derive the relationship between \(K_{\mathrm{a}}\) and \(K_{\mathrm{b}}\).
Write an equation relating \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]\) and \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) in solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\).
Define pOH. Write an equation relating pH and pOH.
Which would be considered a stronger Lewis acid: (a) \(\mathrm{BF}_{3}\) or \(\mathrm{BCl}_{3},\) (b) \(\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}\) or \(\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}\) ? Explain.
Oxalic acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\right)\) has the following structure: An oxalic acid solution contains these species in varying concentrations: \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}, \mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{-}, \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{2-}\), and \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\). (a) Draw Lewis structures of \(\mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{2-}\). (b) Which of the four species listed here can act only as acids, which can act only as bases, and which can act as both acids and bases?
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