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Chapter 3: Problem 9

Define the term "mole." What is the unit for mole in calculations? What does the mole have in common with the pair, the dozen, and the gross? What does Avogadro's number represent?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The mole is a unit of measurement in chemistry, represented by 'mol'. It is similar to units like pair, dozen, or gross, which all represent a set number of things. Avogadro's number, which is \(6.02214076 \times 10^{23}\), is the number of entities in one mole of any substance.

Step by step solution

01

Defining Mole

Mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express amounts of a chemical substance. It is defined as exactly \(6.02214076 \times 10^{23}\) entities, such as atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, or other particles.
02

Unit for Mole

The unit for mole in calculations is mol. In the International System of Units (SI), the base unit of amount of substance is the mole.
03

Comparison of Mole with Other Units

A mole is similar to a pair, dozen, or gross in that all of them are units which represent a certain number of things. For example, a pair represents 2 of something, a dozen represents 12 of something, and a gross represents 144 of something.
04

Explaining Avogadro's number

Avogadro's number, also known as Avogadro's Constant, is defined as the number of constituent particles, such as atoms, molecules, ions or electrons, that are contained in one mole of any substance. It equals \(6.02214076 \times 10^{23}\) entities per mole.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

For many years chloroform \(\left(\mathrm{CHCl}_{3}\right)\) was used as an inhalation anesthetic in spite of the fact that it is also a toxic substance that may cause severe liver, kidney, and heart damage. Calculate the percent composition by mass of this compound.

Which of the following has a greater mass: 2 atoms of lead or \(5.1 \times 10^{-23}\) mole of helium?

A sample containing \(\mathrm{NaCl}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4},\) and \(\mathrm{NaNO}_{3}\) gives the following elemental analysis: Na: 32.08 percent; O: 36.01 percent; Cl: 19.51 percent. Calculate the mass percent of each compound in the sample.

Calculate the number of \(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H},\) and \(\mathrm{O}\) atoms in \(1.50 \mathrm{~g}\) of glucose \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\right)\), a sugar.

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