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Chapter 4: Problem 25

List the general properties of acids and bases.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Acids have a sour taste, turn blue litmus paper to red, have a pH less than 7, react with bases to produce a salt and water and are proton (H+ ion) donors. Bases have a bitter taste and a slippery feel, turn red litmus paper to blue, have a pH greater than 7, react with acids to produce a salt and water and are proton (H+ ion) acceptors.

Step by step solution

01

Properties of Acids

1. Acids have a sour taste.\n2. Acids turn blue litmus paper to red.\n3. Acids have a pH less than 7.\n4. Acids react with bases to produce a salt and water, a reaction called neutralization.\n5. Acids are proton (H+ ion) donors.\n6. Most acids are corrosive and can be hazardous in concentrated forms.
02

Properties of Bases

1. Bases have a bitter taste and a slippery feel.\n2. Bases turn red litmus paper to blue.\n3. Bases have a pH greater than 7.\n4. Like acids, bases can also react with acids to produce a salt and water.\n5. Bases are proton (H+ ion) acceptors.\n6. Many bases, like bases, are also corrosive and can be hazardous in concentrated forms.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Oxygen \(\left(\mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) and carbon dioxide \(\left(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\right)\) are colorless and odorless gases. Suggest two chemical tests that would enable you to distinguish between them.

What volume of a \(0.500 M \mathrm{HCl}\) solution is needed to neutralize each of the following: (a) \(10.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.300 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) solution (b) \(10.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of a \(0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) solution

A 22.02 -mL solution containing \(1.615 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}\) is mixed with a 28.64 -mL solution containing \(1.073 \mathrm{~g}\) \(\mathrm{NaOH} .\) Calculate the concentrations of the ions remaining in solution after the reaction is complete. Assume volumes are additive.

Phosphorus forms many oxoacids. Indicate the oxidation number of phosphorus in each of the following acids: (a) \(\mathrm{HPO}_{3},\) (b) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{2},\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3},\) d) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\) (e) \(\mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7},\) (f) \(\mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{P}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{10}\).

Which of the following metals can react with water? (a) \(\mathrm{Au},(\mathrm{b}) \mathrm{Li},(\mathrm{c}) \mathrm{Hg},(\mathrm{d}) \mathrm{Ca},(\mathrm{e}) \mathrm{Pt}\)
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