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Chapter 4: Problem 83

Someone gave you a colorless liquid. Describe three chemical tests you would perform on the liquid to show that it is water.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Three tests that can be performed are boiling point test where we expect the liquid to boil at 100 degrees Celsius, freezing point test where we expect it to freeze at 0 degrees Celsius, and a reaction test with Sodium where it would form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

Step by step solution

01

Test 1: Boiling Point Test

One could perform a boiling point test to determine if the sample is water. The liquid is heated, it should start to boil at 100 degrees Celsius under 1 atmospheric pressure and transform into vapor. If the sample begins to boils around 100 °C, it could be water.
02

Test 2: Freezing Point Test

The freezing point test can also be used. Water solidifies at 0 degrees Celsius under 1 atmosphere of pressure, forming ice. If the liquid freezes into solid state around 0 °C, this is an indicator that it could be water.
03

Test 3: Reaction with Sodium

A reaction test with Sodium metal can be used as well. When water (H2O) reacts with sodium (Na), it forms sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas (H2) which can be identified by the gas being evolved. If this reaction occurs, the sample may be water.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give oxidation numbers for the underlined atoms in the following molecules and ions: (a) \(\underline{\mathrm{Cs}_{2} \mathrm{O}},\) (b) \(\mathrm{Ca} \underline{\mathrm{I}}_{2}\), (c) \(\underline{\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}}\) (d) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{As} \mathrm{O}_{3},\) (e) \(\underline{\mathrm{Ti} \mathrm{O}_{2}},\) (f) \(\underline{\mathrm{Mo}} \mathrm{O}_{4}^{2-}\), (g) \(\underline{\mathrm{Pt} \mathrm{Cl}_{4}^{2-}}\) (h) \(\underline{\mathrm{Pt}} \mathrm{Cl}_{6}^{2-}\) (i) \(\underline{\operatorname{Sn} F}_{2}\) (j) \(\underline{\mathrm{ClF}_{3},}\) (k) \(\underline{\mathrm{Sb}} \mathrm{F}_{6}^{-}\)

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