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Chapter 5: Problem 1

Name five elements and five compounds that exist as gases at room temperature.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Elements that exist as gases at room temperature are Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Helium. Compounds that exist as gases at room temperature are Water Vapor, Carbon dioxide, Ammonia, Methane, and Chlorine gas.

Step by step solution

01

Understand elements and compounds

First, it's important to understand what elements and compounds are. Elements are substances that are made from one type of atom only. They cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Compounds, on the other hand, are substances made from two or more elements chemically combined together.
02

Identify elements that exist as gases at room temperature

Elements that exist as gases at room temperature include Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Fluorine (F) and Helium (He). These are all diatomic elements, meaning they naturally pair up with themselves to form two-atom molecules.
03

Identify compounds that exist as gases at room temperature

Examples of compounds that exist as gases at room temperature are Water Vapor (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Ammonia (NH3), Methane (CH4) and Chlorine gas (Cl2). These consist of different elements chemically combined together.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A stockroom supervisor measured the contents of a partially filled 25.0 -gallon acetone drum on a day when the temperature was \(18.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and atmospheric pressure was \(750 \mathrm{mmHg}\), and found that 15.4 gallons of the solvent remained. After tightly sealing the drum, an assistant dropped the drum while carrying it upstairs to the organic laboratory. The drum was dented and its internal volume was decreased to 20.4 gallons. What is the total pressure inside the drum after the accident? The vapor pressure of acetone at \(18.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is \(400 \mathrm{mmHg}\).

Write the expression for the root-mean-square speed for a gas at temperature \(T\). Define each term in the equation and show the units that are used in the calculations

A mixture of helium and neon gases is collected over water at \(28.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(745 \mathrm{mmHg}\). If the partial pressure of helium is \(368 \mathrm{mmHg}\), what is the partial pressure of neon? (Vapor pressure of water at \(28^{\circ} \mathrm{C}=\) \(28.3 \mathrm{mmHg} .)\)

What are the basic assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory of gases?

Some commercial drain cleaners contain two components: sodium hydroxide and aluminum powder. When the mixture is poured down a clogged drain, the following reaction occurs: $$2 \mathrm{NaOH}(a q)+2 \mathrm{Al}(s)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow_{2 \mathrm{NaAl}(\mathrm{OH})_{4}(a q)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g)}$$ The heat generated in this reaction helps melt away obstructions such as grease, and the hydrogen gas released stirs up the solids clogging the drain. Calculate the volume of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\) formed at STP if \(3.12 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{Al}\) is treated with an excess of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\).
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