Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 6: Problem 20

Calculate the work done in joules when 1.0 mole of water vaporizes at 1.0 atm and \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Assume that the volume of liquid water is negligible compared with that of steam at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), and ideal gas behavior.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The work done, when 1 mole of water is vaporized at 1.0 atm and \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), is approximately -3.0 x \(10^{3}\) J.

Step by step solution

01

Find the volume of 1 mole of steam

First, use the ideal gas law to find the volume of 1 mole of steam at the boiling point of water. Using ideal gas law \(PV=nRT\), with \(P=1.0 atm\), \(n=1.0 mol\), \(R=0.0821 L atm/K mol\), \(T=373 \mathrm{K}\), one can calculate volume \(V\).
02

Calculate the Work

After finding the volume of steam after vaporization, calculate the work done. As stated before, work done during expansion of gas against an external pressure is \(W_{\text{gas}} = -P_{\text{ext}}dV\). Here \(P_{\text{ext}}\) is 1.0 atm and \(dV\) is the volume of 1 mol of water vapor. Remember that the work is negative as the system does work on the surroundings.
03

Conversion of the Work to Joules

The work calculated in the previous step will be in liters-atm. One must convert this to Joules by using the conversion factor 101.3 J = 1 L atm. Multiply the calculated work in liters-atm by 101.3 to get the work in Joules.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

When \(1.034 \mathrm{~g}\) of naphthalene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{10} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) are burned in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter at \(298 \mathrm{~K}, 41.56 \mathrm{~kJ}\) of heat are evolved. Calculate \(\Delta E\) and \(\Delta H\) for the reaction on a molar basis.

The first step in the industrial recovery of zinc from the zinc sulfide ore is roasting, that is, the conversion of \(\mathrm{ZnS}\) to \(\mathrm{ZnO}\) by heating: $$ \begin{aligned} 2 \mathrm{ZnS}(s)+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow & 2 \mathrm{ZnO}(s)+2 \mathrm{SO}_{2}(g) \\ & \Delta H_{\mathrm{rxn}}^{\circ}=-879 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \end{aligned} $$ Calculate the heat evolved (in kJ) per gram of \(\mathrm{ZnS}\) roasted.

The combustion of \(0.4196 \mathrm{~g}\) of a hydrocarbon releases \(17.55 \mathrm{~kJ}\) of heat. The masses of the products are \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}=1.419 \mathrm{~g}\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}=0.290 \mathrm{~g} .\) (a) What is the empirical formula of the compound? (b) If the approximate molar mass of the compound is \(76 \mathrm{~g}\), calculate its standard enthalpy of formation.

The standard enthalpy change \(\Delta H^{\circ}\) for the thermal decomposition of silver nitrate according to the following equation is \(+78.67 \mathrm{~kJ}\) : $$ \mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(s) \longrightarrow \mathrm{AgNO}_{2}(s)+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) $$ The standard enthalpy of formation of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}(s)\) is \(-123.02 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}\). Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of \(\mathrm{AgNO}_{2}(s)\).

(a) For most efficient use, refrigerator freezer compartments should be fully packed with food. What is the thermochemical basis for this recommendation? (b) Starting at the same temperature, tea and coffee remain hot longer in a thermal flask than chicken noodle soup. Explain.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free