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Chapter 6: Problem 4

A truck initially traveling at \(60 \mathrm{~km}\) per hour is brought to a complete stop at a traffic light. Does this change violate the law of conservation of energy? Explain.

Short Answer

Expert verified
No, the situation does not violate the law of conservation of energy. The kinetic energy of the truck is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat due to the brakes' friction, sound, and potentially a slight amount of potential energy, which means that energy is conserved.

Step by step solution

01

Identify initial and final state

In the beginning, the truck has a certain amount of kinetic energy due to its speed of 60 km/h. That's the initial state of the system. When it comes to a stop, the truck has zero kinetic energy. That's the final state.
02

Apply the conservation law

According to the law of conservation of energy, the energy should remain unchanged. It can be transformed into other forms, but not lost or created. The kinetic energy of the truck should be converted into some other form when it comes to a stop.
03

Explain the energy transformation

When the truck stops, the kinetic energy it had doesn't just disappear - it gets transformed into other forms of energy. The biggest part of it is probably converted into heat due to the friction between the truck's brakes and its wheels. Some of it might also get converted into sound energy, and a tiny amount into potential energy if the stop made the brakes compress slightly. Thus, there's no violation of the law of conservation of energy.

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