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Chapter 8: Problem 8

What is a representative element? Give names and symbols of four representative elements.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Representative elements are those that are found in the s and p blocks of the periodic table, occupying groups 1, 2, and 13-18. Four examples are Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), Boron (B), and Calcium (Ca).

Step by step solution

01

Definition of Representative Elements

In chemistry, representative elements are the elements located in the s and p blocks of the periodic table. They exist in groups 1, 2, and 13-18. Representative elements include metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, and they are characterized by having their s or p orbitals as the highest energy.
02

Example of Representative Elements 1

Hydrogen (H) - It is located in group 1 of the periodic table, which falls under the s block and hence it is a representative element.
03

Example of Representative Elements 2

Helium (He) - Found in group 18 of the periodic table, this element belongs to the p block, making it a representative element.
04

Example of Representative Elements 3

Boron (B) - It is placed in group 13 of the periodic table and belongs to the p block, so it can be categorized as a representative element.
05

Example of Representative Elements 4

Calcium (Ca) - Located in group 2 of the s block, this element is also one of the representative elements.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Specify in what group of the periodic table each of these elements is found: (a) [Ne]3s", (b) \([\mathrm{Ne}] 3 s^{2} 3 p^{3}\) (c) \([\mathrm{Ne}] 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6}\) (d) \([\mathrm{Ar}] 4 s^{2} 3 d^{8}\)

Define ionic radius. How does the size change when an atom is converted to (a) an anion and (b) a cation?

What is the most important relationship among elements in the same group in the periodic table?

State whether each of these properties of the representative elements generally increases or decreases (a) from left to right across a period and (b) from top to bottom in a group: metallic character, atomic size, ionization energy, acidity of oxides.

Group these electron configurations in pairs that would represent similar chemical properties of their atoms: (a) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2}\) (b) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}\) (c) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{6} 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{6}\) (d) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2}\) (e) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6}\) (f) \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{2} 3 p^{3}\)
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