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Chapter 15: Problem 99

Explain the difference between end point and equivalence point. Why is it important that both occur at approximately the same pH in a titration?

Short Answer

Expert verified
End point is when the indicator changes color in titration, whereas equivalence point is when the quantity of titrant equals the quantity of the analyte. They ideally should occur at the same pH to ensure precise titration results because it signals an accurate neutralization or reaction completion. Deviation between the two can lead to systematic errors.

Step by step solution

01

Define End Point

The end point of a titration refers to the point at which the indicator changes its color. It signals the completion of the titration.
02

Define Equivalence Point

The equivalence point of a titration process is the point at which the amount of titrant added chemically equals the amount of analyte present initially. In other words, it's the point at which the reaction is complete from a stoichiometric point of view.
03

Importance of both points occurring at same pH

In an ideal scenario, the end point and the equivalence point must coincide, that is, both should occur at the same pH level. This implies that the amount of acid equals the amount of base in a titration, signalling a perfect neutralization. If the end point and equivalence point do not occur at the same pH, this might result in erroneous results (systematic errors) since the indicator might change its colour before or after the reaction has completed. The closer the points are, the more accurate the titration results.

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