Chapter 17: Problem 72

Why is the negative battery terminal the one with the greater "electron pressure"?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The negative terminal of a battery has a greater 'electron pressure' because the oxidation process at the anode releases electrons, resulting in a greater concentration, or 'pressure,' of electrons at the negative terminal. These electrons then naturally flow to the positive terminal which is deficient in electrons, creating what we recognise as electricity.

Step by step solution

Understanding the Concept of Electric Potential

The term 'electron pressure' is often used synonymously with 'electric potential.' It refers to the potential energy per unit charge. The electric potential is higher in areas where negatively charged electrons are in higher concentration. This can be thought of as a higher 'pressure' of electrons trying to move to a region of lower electrical potential.

The Role of Oxidation and Reduction in a Battery

A battery is made up of two electrodes: an anode (negative terminal) and a cathode (positive terminal). In the chemical reactions taking place within a battery, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction takes place at the cathode.

Creating a Potential Difference

The oxidation reaction at the anode releases electrons, which accumulate at the negative terminal. This accumulation creates a higher electron pressure, or a higher electrical potential, at the negative terminal. On the other hand, the reduction reaction at the cathode consumes electrons making the positive terminal deficit in electrons or lower electrical potential.

Understanding the Flow of Electrons

Because of the higher electron pressure at the negative terminal, electrons naturally flow from the negative to positive terminal when a conducting path is provided, such as when the battery is connected in a circuit. This is why the negative battery terminal has greater 'electron pressure'.

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Why is the negative battery terminal the one with the greater "electron pressure"?

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding the Concept of Electric Potential

The Role of Oxidation and Reduction in a Battery

Creating a Potential Difference

Understanding the Flow of Electrons

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