Graphing Calculator Hydrocarbon formulas The graphing calculator can run a program that can tell you the formula of any straight-chain hydrocarbon, provided you indicate the number of carbons and the number of double bonds in the compound. Go to Appendix C. If you are using a TI-83 Plus, you can download the program HYDROCAR and run the application as directed. If you are using another calculator, your teacher will provide you with key-strokes and data sets to use. At the prompts, enter the number of carbon atoms and the number of double bonds in the molecule. Run the program as needed to answer the following questions. $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. Dodecane is an alkane with } 12 \text { carbons and }} \\ {\text { no double bonds. What is ts formula? }} \\ {\text { b. The name } 1,5 \text { -hexadiene describes a mole- }} \\ {\text { cule with six carbons (hexa-) and two double }} \\ {\text { bonds (-diene). What is its formula? }}\end{array}$$ $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { c. What is the formula for } 1,3,5 \text { -hexatriene? }} \\ {\text { d. What is the formula for } 3 \text { -nonene? }} \\ {\text { e. What is the formula for } 1,3,5,7 \text { -octatetraene? }} \\\ {\text { f. What is the formula for } 2,4,6 \text { -octatriene? }}\end{array}$$

Step by step solution

01

Identify the type of hydrocarbon and formula

From the IUPAC name, recognize the type of hydrocarbon. If there are no double bonds (alkane), use the formula \(C_nH_{2n+2}\). If there is atleast one double bond (alkene), use the formula \(C_nH_{2n}\).

02

Apply the formula for Dodecane

Dodecane has 12 carbon atoms and no double bonds so it's an alkane. Applying the alkane formula: \(C_{12}H_{2*12+2}\), which simplifies to \(C_{12}H_{26}\).

03

Apply the formula for 1,5-hexadiene

1,5-hexadiene has six carbon atoms and two double bonds so it's an alkene. Applying the alkene formula: \(C_{6}H_{2*6}\), which simplifies to \(C_{6}H_{12}\).

04

Apply the formula for 1,3,5-hexatriene

1,3,5-hexatriene also has six carbon atoms but with three double bonds. Again applying the alkene formula: \(C_{6}H_{2*6}\), we get \(C_{6}H_{12}\). Note that multiple double bonds do not change the number of hydrogen atoms.

05

Apply the formula for 3-nonene

3-nonene has 9 carbon atoms and one double bond. Again an alkene, so applying the alkene formula: \(C_{9}H_{2*9}\), which simplifies to \(C_{9}H_{18}\).

06

Apply the formula for 1,3,5,7-octatetraene

1,3,5,7-octatetraene is an alkene with 8 carbon atoms and four double bonds. The double bonds don't affect hydrogen count so applying the alkene formula: \(C_{8}H_{2*8}\), which simplifies to \(C_{8}H_{16}\).

07

Apply the formula for 2,4,6-octatriene

2,4,6-octatriene is an alkene with 8 carbon atoms and three double bonds. The formula using the alkene formula: \(C_{8}H_{2*8}\), which simplifies to \(C_{8}H_{16}\).

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