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Chapter 5: Problem 31

Use the following terms to create a concept map: atoms, valence electrons, ions, cations, anions, and ionic compounds.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A concept map can be drawn with 'Atoms' at the center. 'Atoms' connect to 'Valence Electrons', which in turn connect to 'Ions.' 'Ions' further bifurcate into 'Cations' and 'Anions', and both of them converge into 'Ionic Compounds.'

Step by step solution

01

Define the Concepts

Firstly, write down clear definitions of each term. Atoms are the basic unit of a chemical element, and comprise of electrons, protons and neutrons. Valence electrons are the electrons that are in an atom's outer shell and can participate in forming bonds with other atoms. Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons and therefore have a charge. Cations are positively charged ions (which happen when they lose electrons) and anions are negatively charged ions (which occur when they gain electrons). Ionic compounds are compounds made up of ions, typically a metal and a nonmetal.
02

Establish Connections

Next, ascertain and write down connections between these concepts. Atoms have valence electrons. When atoms lose or gain valence electrons, they turn into ions. Ions can be broken down into cations and anions, depending on whether they lost (cation) or gained (anion) electrons. Cations and Anions combine in a way that the total positive and negative charges are equal, forming ionic compounds.
03

Draw the Concept Map

Finally, create a visual representation of these associations. Start by placing 'Atoms' at the centre. Draw a line outwards to 'Valence Electrons.' From 'Valence Electrons', extend lines to 'Ions', then to 'Cations' and 'Anions.' Finally, draw a line connecting these two to 'Ionic compounds.'

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