Chapter 7: Problem 55

Determine the percentage composition of the following compounds: a. ammonium nitrate, NH \(_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3},\) a common fertilizer b. tin(IV) oxide, SnO \(_{2},\) an ingredient in fingernail polish

Short Answer

Expert verified

The percentage compositions of the ammonium nitrate and tin(IV) oxide are as follows: Ammonium nitrate: Nitrogen \(35.00%\), Hydrogen \(5.04%\), and Oxygen \(59.96%\). Tin(IV) oxide: Tin \(78.75%\), Oxygen \(21.25%\) respectively.

Step by step solution

Calculate the molar mass of each element in ammonium nitrate

Firstly, calculate the molar mass of the elements in the ammonium nitrate molecule: Nitrogen \(N = 14.01 g/mol\), Hydrogen \(H = 1.01 g/mol\), Oxygen \(O = 16.00 g/mol\) . There are two Nitrogen atoms, four Hydrogen atoms and three Oxygen atoms in one molecule of \(NH_4NO_3\).

Compute the molar mass of ammonium nitrate

Afterwards, find the molar mass of ammonium nitrate, one requires to sum the molar masses of its compounds: \(2*14.01 g/mol + 1*4*1.01 g/mol + 3*16.00 g/mol = 80.05 g/mol\)

Calculate the percentage composition of ammonium nitrate

Finally, determine the percentage composition by dividing the mass of each element by the total molecular mass of \(NH_4NO_3\), then multiply by 100. The calculations are as follows: Percentage of Nitrogen: \[ \frac {2*14.01 g/mol}{80.05 g/mol} * 100 = 35.00% \] Percentage of Hydrogen: \[ \frac {4*1.01 g/mol}{80.05 g/mol} * 100 = 5.04% \] Percentage of Oxygen: \[ \frac {3*16.00 g/mol}{80.05 g/mol} * 100 = 59.96% \]

Calculate the molar mass of each element in tin(IV) oxide

Firstly, calculate the molar mass of the elements in the tin(IV) oxide molecule: Tin \(Sn = 118.71 g/mol\), Oxygen \(O = 16.00 g/mol\). In one molecule of \( SnO_2 \) there is one Tin atom and two Oxygen atoms.

Compute the molar mass of tin(IV) oxide

Afterwards, find the molar mass of tin(IV) oxide, one requires to sum the molar masses of its compounds: \[1*118.71 g/mol + 2* 16.00 g/mol = 150.71 g/mol\]

Calculate the percentage composition of tin(IV) oxide

Finally, determine the percentage composition by dividing the mass of each element by the total molecular mass of \(SnO_2\), then multiply by 100. The calculations are as follows: Percentage of Tin: \[ \frac {1*118.71 g/mol}{150.71 g/mol} * 100 = 78.75% \] Percentage of Oxygen: \[ \frac {2* 16.00 g/mol}{150.71 g/mol} * 100 = 21.25% \]

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Determine the percentage composition of the following compounds: a. ammonium nitrate, NH \(_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3},\) a common fertilizer b. tin(IV) oxide, SnO \(_{2},\) an ingredient in fingernail polish

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Calculate the molar mass of each element in ammonium nitrate

Compute the molar mass of ammonium nitrate

Calculate the percentage composition of ammonium nitrate

Calculate the molar mass of each element in tin(IV) oxide

Compute the molar mass of tin(IV) oxide

Calculate the percentage composition of tin(IV) oxide

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