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Chapter 8: Problem 45

Balance the following equations. $$\text{a}. \mathrm{CaH}_{2}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)$$ $$\text{b}. \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CCH}(g)+\mathrm{Br}_{2}(l) \longrightarrow\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CBr}_{2} \mathrm{CHBr}_{2}(l)$$ $$\text{c} \cdot \mathrm{Pb}^{2+}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q) \rightarrow \mathrm{Pb}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}(s)$$ $$\text{d} . \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow \mathrm{HNO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{NO}(g)$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. \(CaH_{2}(s) + 2H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow Ca(OH)_{2}(aq) + 2H_{2}(g)\)\nb. \(CH_{3}CH_{2}CCH(g) + 2Br_{2}(l) \longrightarrow CH_{3}CH_{2}CBr_{2}CHBr_{2}(l)\)\nc. \(Pb^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^{-}(aq) \longrightarrow Pb(OH)_{2}(s)\)\nd. \(2NO_{2}(g) + H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow 2HNO_{3}(aq) + NO(g)\

Step by step solution

01

Balancing equation a.

The equation \(CaH_{2}(s) + H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow Ca(OH)_{2}(aq) + H_{2}(g)\) is balanced by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of \(H_{2}O(l)\) and \(H_{2}(g)\). The balanced equation is \(CaH_{2}(s) + 2H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow Ca(OH)_{2}(aq) + 2H_{2}(g)\).
02

Balancing equation b.

The equation \(CH_{3}CH_{2}CCH(g) + Br_{2}(l) \longrightarrow CH_{3}CH_{2}CBr_{2}CHBr_{2}(l)\) is balanced by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of \(Br_{2}(l)\). The balanced equation is \(CH_{3}CH_{2}CCH(g) + 2Br_{2}(l) \longrightarrow CH_{3}CH_{2}CBr_{2}CHBr_{2}(l)\).
03

Balancing equation c.

The equation \(Pb^{2+}(aq) + OH^{-}(aq) \longrightarrow Pb(OH)_{2}(s)\) is balanced by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of \(OH^{-}(aq)\). The balanced equation is \(Pb^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^{-}(aq) \longrightarrow Pb(OH)_{2}(s)\).
04

Balancing equation d.

The equation \(NO_{2}(g) + H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow HNO_{3}(aq) + NO(g)\) is balanced by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of \(NO_{2}(g)\) and \(HNO_{3}(aq)\). The balanced equation is \(2NO_{2}(g) + H_{2}O(l) \longrightarrow 2HNO_{3}(aq) + NO(g)\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Methanol, \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH},\) is a clean-burning fuel. $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. Write a balanced chemical equation for }} \\\ {\text { the synthesis of methanol from carbon }} \\ {\text { monoxide and hydrogen gas. }} \\ {\text { b. Write a balanced chemical equation for }} \\\ {\text { the complete combustion of methanol. }}\end{array} $$

Use the following terms to create a concept map: a synthesis reaction, a decomposition reaction, coefficients, a chemical reaction, and a chemical equation.

Balance each of the following: $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. } \mathrm{Zn}+\mathrm{Pb}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Zn}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{2}} \\ {\text { b. } \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}+\mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \\\ {\text { c. } \mathrm{Al}+\mathrm{CuSO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al}_{2}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{3}+\mathrm{Cu}}\end{array}$$

Write the total and net ionic equations for the reaction in which the antacid Al(OH) \(_{3}\) neutralizes the stomach acid HCl. Identify the type of reaction. $$\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. Identify the spectator ions in this reaction. }} \\\ {\text { b. What would be the advantages of using }} \\ {\text { Al(OH) }_{3} \text { as an antacid rather than }} \\ {\text { NaHCO_ }_{3} \text { , which undergoes the following }} \\ {\text { reaction with stomach acid? }}\end{array}$$ $$\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}(a q)+\mathrm{HCl}(a q) \rightarrow}{\mathrm{NaCl}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)}\end{array}$$

Explain why a net ionic equation is the best way to represent a double-displacement reaction.
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