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Chapter 8: Problem 60

Design an experiment for judging the value and efficacy of different antacids. Include NaHCO \(_{3}, \operatorname{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}, \mathrm{CaCO}_{3},\) and \(\mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}\) in your tests. Discover which one neutralizes the most acid and what byproducts form. Show your experiment to your teacher. If your experiment is approved, obtain the necessary chemicals from your teacher and test your procedure.

Short Answer

Expert verified
An experiment to test the effectiveness of different antacids can be achieved by making separate solutions of hydrochloric acid and testing how effectively each antacid neutralizes the acid. The results can then be analyzed based on time for reaction and byproduct formation.

Step by step solution

01

Preparing the Experiment

To get started, four identical solutions of hydrochloric acid (HCl) should be prepared, as HCl is a common acid that antacids neutralize. The solutions should be as identical as possible to limit variables that may interrupt results. Each of the solutions will be reacted with a different antacid.
02

Testing Antacids

Add one of the antacids to the first solution of HCl and carefully observe the reactions. Essential observations include the amount of time it takes for the reaction to cease, and whether any observable solid material has been left behind. Do this for each of the four antacids and take notes about each reaction.
03

Analyzing Byproducts

Utilizing knowledge of chemical reactions, the byproducts of each reaction can be hypothesized. For instance, \(\operatorname{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} + 2 \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \operatorname{MgCl}_{2}+ 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) meaning water (H2O) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) are created when the antacid magnesium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid.
04

Judging Efficacy

The efficacy of each antacid can be determined based on the time it took for the reaction to cease, and whether any solid matter was left behind. An efficient antacid would quickly neutralize a lot of acid and leave little to no solid matter behind after reaction.
05

Approval and Implementation

Lastly, the experiment design should be shown to a teacher or supervisor for approval. After approval, the necessary chemicals can be obtained and the experiment can be physically conducted.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Many products are labeled "biodegradable." Choose several biodegradable items on the market, and research the decomposition reactions that occur. Take into account any special conditions that must occur for the substance to biodegrade. Present your information to the class to help inform the students about which products are best for the environment.

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