Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 7: Problem 1

a. What are monatomic ions? b. Give three examples of monatomic ions.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Monatomic ions are single atoms with a positive or negative charge. Examples include Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺ for cations and Cl⁻, O²⁻, N³⁻ for anions.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Monatomic Ions

Monatomic ions are ions consisting of a single atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons. They carry a net positive or negative electric charge.
02

Characteristics of Monatomic Ions

These ions have charges due to an imbalance between the number of protons and electrons. If an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged cation. If it gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged anion.
03

Examples of Monatomic Cations

Examples of monatomic cations include: 1. Sodium ion \((\text{Na}^+)\) 2. Calcium ion \((\text{Ca}^{2+})\) 3. Aluminum ion \((\text{Al}^{3+})\)
04

Examples of Monatomic Anions

Examples of monatomic anions include: 1. Chloride ion \((\text{Cl}^-)\) 2. Oxide ion \((\text{O}^{2-})\) 3. Nitride ion \((\text{N}^{3-})\)

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Key Concepts

These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.

Cations
Cations are positively charged ions that form when an atom loses one or more electrons. This loss of negatively charged electrons results in a net positive charge for the atom. The number of positive protons in the nucleus of the atom remains unchanged, which is why the resulting ion carries a positive charge. Common examples of monatomic cations include:
  • Sodium ion \((\text{Na}^+)\)
  • Calcium ion \((\text{Ca}^{2+})\)
  • Aluminum ion \((\text{Al}^{3+})\)

Cations are typically metals, which have a tendency to lose electrons easily. Understanding cations helps in grasping how materials conduct electricity and in predicting the behavior of elements during chemical reactions.
Anions
Anions are negatively charged ions that form when an atom gains one or more electrons. The extra electrons increase the total negative charge, outweighing the number of positive protons in the atom's nucleus. This imbalance gives the atom a net negative charge. Examples of monatomic anions include:
  • Chloride ion \((\text{Cl}^-)\)
  • Oxide ion \((\text{O}^{2-})\)
  • Nitride ion \((\text{N}^{3-})\)

Generally, non-metals form anions because they tend to gain electrons to complete their outer electron shells. Recognizing anions is crucial for understanding many chemical processes, including acid-base reactions and the formation of salts.
Ion Charge
The charge of an ion is determined by the difference between the number of protons and electrons in the atom. If the atom has more protons than electrons, it will be positively charged and form a cation. Conversely, if it has more electrons than protons, it will be negatively charged and form an anion.
To find the charge of a given ion, subtract the number of electrons from the number of protons:
Ion Charge = Number of Protons - Number of Electrons
This concept is pivotal when balancing chemical equations and understanding the properties of ionic compounds. Knowing the charges of common ions can help predict how atoms will interact to form stable compounds.

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Chemical analysis shows that citric acid contains 37.51% C, 4.20% H, and 58.29% O. What is the empirical formula for citric acid?

Name each of the following monatomic ions: a. \({K}^{+}\) d. \({Cl}^{-}\) b. Mg \(^{2+}\) e. \({O}^{2-}\) c. \({Al}^{3+}\) f. \({Ca}^{2+}\)

Using only the periodic table, write the symbol of the ion most typically formed by each of the following elements: a. K d. Cl b. Ca e. Ba c. S f. Br

a. What are oxidation numbers? b. What useful functions do oxidation numbers serve?

Write the formula for and indicate the charge on each of the following ions: a. sodium ion b. aluminum ion c. chloride ion d. nitride ion e. iron(II) ion f. iron(III) ion
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free