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Chapter 1: Problem 161

The strongest H-bonding is observed in (a) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{-} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{N}\) (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\) (d) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{F}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) O-H-O b) N-H-N c) F-H-O d) F-H-F Answer: c) F-H-O

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the electronegativity values

Refer to the periodic table to find the electronegativity values of the involved elements: Fluorine (F), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N). The electronegativity values are as follows: - F: 3.98 - O: 3.44 - N: 3.04
02

Evaluate the hydrogen bond strength for each option

Compare the electronegativity differences in each option, as greater differences indicate stronger hydrogen bonding. (a) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{-} \mathrm{O}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.44 - 3.44| = 0 (b) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{N}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.04 - 3.04 | = 0 (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.98 - 3.44| = 0.54 (d) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{F}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.98 - 3.98| = 0
03

Identify the strongest hydrogen bonding based on electronegativity differences

Out of the given options, option (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\) has the highest electronegativity difference (0.54). Therefore, the strongest hydrogen bonding is observed in option (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The specific rotation of a pure optically active compound is \(+12^{\circ} .\) The specific rotation of the sample in a reaction with \(20 \%\) racemization and \(80 \%\) retension of configuration will be (a) \(+12^{\circ}\) (b) \(-12^{\circ}\) (c) \(+9.6^{\circ}\) (d) \(-2.4^{\circ}\)

A description that does not fit in with the application of resonance among the following is (a) Resonance is used to explain the stability of phenoxide ion. (b) Resonance is used to explain the poor reactivity of halogen in chlorobenzene. (c) Resonance is used to explain the deactivating influence of bromine in bromo benzene. (d) Resonance is used explain the neutral behaviour of benzamide.

Which of the following species is/are stabilized by isovalent hyperconjugation? (a) Free radicals (b) Carbanion (c) Alkenes (d) Carbocations

The IUPAC name of the compound given is (a) \(2,2-\) diethyl propane \(-1,3-\) dialdehyde (b) 3,3 - diethyl pentane- 1,5 -dial (c) \(2,2-\) diethyl propane \(-1,3-\) dial (d) 3,3 -dimethyl keto pentane

Identify the compounds having chiral centres among the following (i) 1-Bromopentane (ii) 1-Chloro-2-methylpentane (iii) 2 -Chloro- 2 -methylpentane (iv) Citric acid (v) 1-Chloro-2-bromobutane
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