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Chapter 1: Problem 161

The strongest H-bonding is observed in (a) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{-} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{N}\) (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\) (d) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{F}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) O-H-O b) N-H-N c) F-H-O d) F-H-F Answer: c) F-H-O

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the electronegativity values

Refer to the periodic table to find the electronegativity values of the involved elements: Fluorine (F), Oxygen (O), and Nitrogen (N). The electronegativity values are as follows: - F: 3.98 - O: 3.44 - N: 3.04
02

Evaluate the hydrogen bond strength for each option

Compare the electronegativity differences in each option, as greater differences indicate stronger hydrogen bonding. (a) \(\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{-} \mathrm{O}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.44 - 3.44| = 0 (b) \(\mathrm{N}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{N}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.04 - 3.04 | = 0 (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.98 - 3.44| = 0.54 (d) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{F}\): Electronegativity difference = | 3.98 - 3.98| = 0
03

Identify the strongest hydrogen bonding based on electronegativity differences

Out of the given options, option (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\) has the highest electronegativity difference (0.54). Therefore, the strongest hydrogen bonding is observed in option (c) \(\mathrm{F}-\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{O}\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The number of optically active stereoisomers possible for the compound 2,3 -dihydroxy butane are (a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 6 (d) 8

Statement 1 All olefinic compounds exhibit geometric isomerism. and Statement 2 Geometric isomerism in olefins arises due to restricted or hindered rotation between \(\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C}\) bonds.

A meso compound (a) is an achiral molecule, which contain chiral carbons. (b) contains a plane of symmetry or a centre of symmetry. (c) is optically inactive due to internal compensation. (d) is characterized by all the above.

The hyperconjugative effect of the group \(\mathrm{R}\) in the compound \(\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}\) follows the order. (a) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{C}>\mathrm{CH}_{3}>\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2}-\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}->\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2}->\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CH}-\) (c) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{C}->\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}->\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\) (d) \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3}\right)_{3} \mathrm{C}->\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}->\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\)

Identify a statement which is not correct among the following (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) group in \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\) acts as an electrophile. (b) The two nonbonded electrons of a singlet carbene occupy the same orbital. (c) The stability of the alkyl carbocation is influenced by resonance. (d) Free radicals are formed in a homolytic bond fission.
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