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Chapter 1: Problem 172

Directions: Each question contains Statement- 1 and Statement-2 and has the following choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. (a) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is a correct explanation for Statement- 1 (b) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1 (c) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is False (d) Statement- 1 is False, Statement- 2 is True Statement 1 Stereoisomers which do not have an object and mirror image relationship can be termed as diastereomers. and Statement 2 An organic compound having only one chiral centre cannot have diastereoisomers.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Statement 1: Stereoisomers that do not have an object and mirror image relationship can be termed as diastereomers. Statement 2: An organic compound having only one chiral center cannot have diastereoisomers. Answer: (a) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.

Step by step solution

01

Understand Stereoisomers, Chiral Center, and Diastereomers

Stereoisomers are molecules with the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but which have different three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space. A chiral center is an atom that has different groups attached to it, resulting in a non-superimposable mirror image of itself called an enantiomer. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other, which means they have different physical and chemical properties.
02

Analyze Statement 1

"Stereoisomers which do not have an object and mirror image relationship can be termed as diastereomers." This statement is true, as diastereomers are indeed stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other.
03

Analyze Statement 2

"An organic compound having only one chiral centre cannot have diastereoisomers." This statement is also true, because if an organic compound has only one chiral center, it can only form two enantiomers. These two enantiomers are mirror images of each other and belong to the same pair of stereoisomers, which means they cannot be diastereomers.
04

Compare Statements and Choose the Correct Option

Now that we have determined that both statements are true, we should choose between options (a) and (b). Since Statement-2 does provide a correct explanation for Statement-1 (an organic compound with only one chiral center can only have enantiomers, not diastereomers), we can conclude that the correct answer is: (a) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is a correct explanation for Statement- 1.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A compound can exhibit optical activity even if (a) a rotation axis is present (b) a mirror plane is present (c) a centre of symmetry is present (d) an alternating axis of symmetry is present

The specific rotation of an isomer of an alkyl halide X containing one chiral arbon atom is \(+40^{\circ} .\) During a reaction in solution, it undergoes partial racemization. If the specific rotation of the equilibrium mixture is \(+10^{\circ}\), the ratio of moles of \((+) X\) and \((-) X\) at equilibrium is (a) \(2: 3\) (b) \(5: 3\) (c) \(3: 2\) (d) \(4: 3\)

A description that does not fit in with the application of resonance among the following is (a) Resonance is used to explain the stability of phenoxide ion. (b) Resonance is used to explain the poor reactivity of halogen in chlorobenzene. (c) Resonance is used to explain the deactivating influence of bromine in bromo benzene. (d) Resonance is used explain the neutral behaviour of benzamide.

4-Nitroaniline is a weaker base compared to 4 -cyanoaniline. This is because (a) both nitro and cyano are strong electron withdrawing groups. (b) the lone pair of nitrogen of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{2}\) group is delocalised in 4 -nitro aniline and not in 4 -cyanoaniline. (c) the negative charge resides on the more electronegative oxygen in nitro aniline in the resonance delocalization. (d) cyano group is aligned planar with the ring.

Which of the following is not true about a homolytic fission? (a) The products are free radicals. (b) The reaction occurs under the influence of heat or light. (c) It occurs when the bond breakage is between two atoms of the same electronegativity. (d) Intermediates may undergo rearrangement.
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