Chapter 1: Problem 36

IUPAC name of the compound (a) Trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene (b) Cis- 3,4 -dimethylhex-3-ene (c) Cis- 3,4 -dimethylhex-4-ene (d) Cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene

Short Answer

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Question: Draw the structures of the following IUPAC names of compounds: 1) trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene, 2) cis-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene, 3) cis-3,4-dimethylhex-4-ene, and 4) cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene. Solution: 1) trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | CH3 CH3 ``` 2) cis-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | H CH3 ``` 3) cis-3,4-dimethylhex-4-ene structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 | | H CH3 ``` 4) cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3 ```

Step by step solution

Understand IUPAC Nomenclature

In order to draw the structures of these compounds, you first need to understand IUPAC nomenclature. "IUPAC" stands for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and its nomenclature system is a standardized way to name organic molecules. Key terms to understand here are "cis" and "trans", which describe the relative positions of substituents on a molecule, and the numbering system, which tells us where the substituents are located.

Draw trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene Structure

The root "hex" tells us that the main chain has 6 carbons. The "3-ene" indicates that there is a double bond between carbons 3 and 4. "Trans" means that the two methyl groups on carbons 3 and 4 are on opposite sides of the double bond. Here's the structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | CH3 CH3 ```

Draw cis-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene Structure

This compound has the same root and double bond position as the previous compound, but the "cis" prefix means that both methyl groups are on the same side of the double bond. Here's the structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | H CH3 ```

Draw cis-3,4-dimethylhex-4-ene Structure

This compound also has a hex main chain and two methyl groups on carbons 3 and 4. However, the "4-ene" indicates that the double bond is between carbons 4 and 5. The "cis" prefix again means that both methyl groups are on the same side of the double bond. Here's the structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 | | H CH3 ```

Draw cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene Structure

The root "but" tells us that the main chain has 4 carbons. The "2-ene" indicates that there is a double bond between carbons 2 and 3. "Diethyl" means that there are two ethyl groups on the molecule, and their positions are on carbons 2 and 3. The "cis" prefix means that both ethyl groups are on the same side of the double bond. Here's the structure: ``` CH3-CH=CH-CH3 | | CH2-CH3 CH2-CH3 ``` The structures of the given IUPAC names have now been drawn.

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IUPAC name of the compound (a) Trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene (b) Cis- 3,4 -dimethylhex-3-ene (c) Cis- 3,4 -dimethylhex-4-ene (d) Cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understand IUPAC Nomenclature

Draw trans-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene Structure

Draw cis-3,4-dimethylhex-3-ene Structure

Draw cis-3,4-dimethylhex-4-ene Structure

Draw cis-2,3-diethylbut-2-ene Structure

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