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Chapter 1: Problem 60

Identify a statement which is not correct among the following (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) group in \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\) acts as an electrophile. (b) The two nonbonded electrons of a singlet carbene occupy the same orbital. (c) The stability of the alkyl carbocation is influenced by resonance. (d) Free radicals are formed in a homolytic bond fission.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) group in \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\) acts as an electrophile. (b) Singlet carbene is less reactive than triplet carbene. (c) Resonance stabilization is a factor that determines the stability of alkyl carbocation. (d) Free radicals are formed through homolytic bond fission of covalent bonds. Answer: (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) group in \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\) acts as an electrophile.

Step by step solution

01

Option (a) Analysis

In option (a), we have a compound \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\), where \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) is a phenyl group. Electrophiles are electron-deficient species that seek electrons to complete their valence shell. However, the phenyl group is not electron-deficient and does not act as an electrophile. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
02

Option (b) Analysis

In option (b), we deal with singlet carbene. Carbene is a molecule that contains a neutral carbon atom with a valence of two and two unshared valence electrons. In a singlet carbene, the two non-bonded electrons are in the same orbital, making the carbene less reactive than triplet carbene. This statement is correct.
03

Option (c) Analysis

Option (c) deals with the stability of alkyl carbocation, which is influenced by resonance. Resonance stabilization occurs when a bonding scheme can be represented using two or more electron-pushing diagrams (resonance structures), providing delocalization of electrons; thus, the carbocation is better stabilized. This statement is correct.
04

Option (d) Analysis

Option (d) refers to the formation of free radicals through homolytic bond fission. Homolytic bond fission is the process in which the electrons in a covalent bond are divided equally between the two bonded atoms, forming free radicals (highly reactive species with an unpaired electron). This statement is also correct. In conclusion, the incorrect statement among the given options is: (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\) group in \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{M}_{8} \mathrm{Cl}\) acts as an electrophile.

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