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Chapter 2: Problem 93

Which of the following is the correct statement? (a) Acetylene is less reactive than ethylene in electrophilic addition reaction. (b) The hydrolysis of \(\mathrm{Mg}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{3}\) (Magnesium carbide) produces acetylene. (c) Ozonolysis of acetylene produces \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). (d) Reduction of dialkyl acetylene using Lindlar's catalyst gives a trans olefin.

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Acetylene is more reactive than ethylene in electrophilic addition reactions. (b) The hydrolysis of Mg2C3 (Magnesium carbide) produces acetylene. (c) The ozonolysis of acetylene produces carbon dioxide and water. (d) The reduction of dialkyl acetylene with Lindlar's catalyst produces a trans olefin. Answer: (b) The hydrolysis of Mg2C3 (Magnesium carbide) produces acetylene.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a) analysis

We need to compare the reactivity of acetylene and ethylene in electrophilic addition reactions. Acetylene is an alkyne, while ethylene is an alkene. Alkynes are generally found to be less reactive than alkenes in electrophilic addition reactions due to the release of less energy when they are bonded. Therefore, statement (a) is correct.
02

Statement (b) analysis

The hydrolysis of magnesium carbide (\(\mathrm{Mg}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{3}\)) involves the reaction of magnesium carbide with water. The reaction is represented by the equation: \(\mathrm{Mg}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{3} + 4 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} + 3 \mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{2}\). Here, we can see that acetylene (\(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{2}\)) is produced. Hence, statement (b) is correct.
03

Statement (c) analysis

Ozonolysis is the reaction of ozone (O3) with unsaturated compounds, like alkenes and alkynes. The reaction of acetylene with ozone produces carbon dioxide and water as products, and can be represented by the equation: \(\mathrm{C}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{2} + 6 \mathrm{O}_{3} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2} + 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\). So, statement (c) is also true.
04

Statement (d) analysis

Reduction of dialkyl acetylene using Lindlar's catalyst (palladium on calcium carbonate) involves selective hydrogenation. The reaction typically results in a cis olefin (also known as a Z-alkene), not a trans olefin (or E-alkene), which contradicts the given statement. Therefore, statement (d) is incorrect. Finally, after analyzing each statement, we can conclude that the correct statement among the given options is: (b) The hydrolysis of \(\mathrm{Mg}_{2} \mathrm{C}_{3}\) (Magnesium carbide) produces acetylene.

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