Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 3: Problem 4

(i) How many isomers of the mono substitution product(s) are possible for (a) benzene (b) naphthalene (c) anthracene (ii) Write the structure of all the isomers of the tribromo derivatives of benzene.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: Benzene has 1 possible mono-substitution isomer, naphthalene has 2 possible mono-substitution isomers, and anthracene has 3 possible mono-substitution isomers. The tribromo derivatives of benzene include 1,2,3-tribromobenzene, 1,2,4-tribromobenzene, and 1,3,5-tribromobenzene.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the possible mono-substitution isomers of benzene

Benzene has six carbon atoms, arranged in a hexagonal planar structure. Since all carbon atoms in benzene are equivalent, there is only 1 possible mono-substitution isomer for benzene.
02

Determine the possible mono-substitution isomers of naphthalene

Naphthalene consists of two benzene rings fused together. There are 10 carbon atoms in naphthalene - four of them shared by the two rings. Since not all carbons are equivalent in the structure, there are two possible mono-substitution isomers for naphthalene: alpha-naphthol (1-substituted isomer) and beta-naphthol (2-substituted isomer).
03

Determine the possible mono-substitution isomers of anthracene

Anthracene has three benzene rings, with 14 carbon atoms in total. Just like naphthalene, carbon atoms in anthracene are not all equivalent. Therefore, there are three possible mono-substitution isomers for anthracene: 9-substituted isomer (located at the central ring) and 1 or 2-substituted isomer (located at the outer rings).
04

Draw the structure of all isomers of the tribromo derivatives of benzene

To determine the isomers of tribromo derivatives of benzene, we need to consider all possible combinations of bromine substitution on the six carbon atoms of the benzene ring. There are three cases to consider: (i) at 1,2,3 positions (adjacent carbons) - called the 1,2,3-tribromobenzene (ii) at 1,2,4 positions (1,2 in adjacent carbons and 4 is meta to 2) - called the 1,2,4-tribromobenzene (iii) at 1,3,5 positions (symmetrically distributed) - called the 1,3,5-tribromobenzene These three isomers are the possible isomers of the tribromo derivatives of benzene.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify the wrong statement. (a) Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols, but weaker than carboxylic acids (b) Phenols, being stronger acids, are soluble in aqueous \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) solution and in saturated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) solution. (c) Phenols are acidic because of resonance stabilization of the phenoxide ion formed by ionization. (d) The \(\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}\) of phenol is about \(10 .\)

Mononitration of biphenyl by treating with nitrating mixture gives mainly

Ozonolysis of o-xylene gives (a) glyoxal and methyl glyoxal only (b) glyoxal and dimethyl glyoxal only (c) methyl glyoxal and dimethyl glyoxal only (d) glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and dimethyl glyoxal

Reaction of excess of benzene with chloroform in presence of anhydrous chloride gives (a) biphenyl (b) triphenyl methane (c) anthracene (d) diphenyl methane

Statement 1 Nitrobenzene and aniline do not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction with \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Cl} / \mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) and Statement 2 \(-\mathrm{NO}_{2}\) and \(-\mathrm{NH}_{2}\) groups combine with \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) to form adducts.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Making Measurements

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free