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Chapter 3: Problem 58

Sodium phenoxide when heated with \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) under pressure gives sodium salicylate. This reaction is known as (a) Reimer-Tiemann reaction (b) Schotten-Baumann reaction (c) Williamson's synthesis (d) Kolbe's reaction

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The correct name for the given reaction is Kolbe's reaction.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the given reaction

First, let's write the given reaction: sodium phenoxide (\(\mathrm{C}_{6}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{O}^{-}\mathrm{Na}^{+}\)) reacts with carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\)) under pressure to form sodium salicylate (\(\mathrm{C}_{6}\mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{O}^{-}\mathrm{Na}^{+})(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\mathrm{H})\)). Our task is to identify the correct name for this reaction out of the given options.
02

Study the Reimer-Tiemann reaction

Reimer-Tiemann reaction involves the ortho-formylation of phenols using chloroform (\(\mathrm{CHCl}_{3}\)) in the presence of a strong base (like \(\mathrm{NaOH}\)) to form o-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives. The given reaction is not a Reimer-Tiemann reaction because it involves carbon dioxide, not chloroform.
03

Study the Schotten-Baumann reaction

Schotten-Baumann reaction is a method for acylating amines and phenols to form amides and esters respectively using an acyl chloride and a base. The given reaction is not a Schotten-Baumann reaction because it involves carbon dioxide, not an acyl chloride.
04

Study Williamson's synthesis

Williamson's synthesis is an organic reaction that converts an alcohol and an alkyl halide into an ether using an alkoxide ion as the nucleophilic species. The given reaction is not a Williamson's synthesis because it involves carbon dioxide and phenoxide, not an alcohol and an alkyl halide.
05

Study Kolbe's reaction

Kolbe's reaction is an organic reaction that converts a phenoxide ion into a salicylate ion by reaction with carbon dioxide under pressure and later acidification. The reaction can be given as: $$ \mathrm{C}_{6}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{O}^{-} + \mathrm{CO}_{2} \xrightarrow{pressure} \mathrm{C}_{6}\mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{O}^{-})(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\mathrm{H}) $$ The given reaction matches the description of Kolbe's reaction.
06

Conclusion

The correct name for the given reaction where sodium phenoxide reacts with carbon dioxide under pressure to form sodium salicylate is (d) Kolbe's reaction.

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