Directions: Each question contains Statement- 1 and Statement-2 and has the following choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. (a) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is a correct explanation for Statement- 1 (b) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1 (c) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is False (d) Statement- 1 is False, Statement- 2 is True Statement 1 Eventhough carboxylic acids contain a \(>C=O\) group, they do not give the characteristic reaction of carbonyl compounds. and Statement 2 The electrophilicity of carbonyl carbon is less in carboxylic acids due to resonance.

Step by step solution

01

Statement 1:

Eventhough carboxylic acids contain a \(>C=O\) group, they do not give the characteristic reaction of carbonyl compounds. This statement is True. A carboxylic acid contains a carbonyl (\(C=O\)) group and a hydroxyl (\(-OH\)) group bonded to the same carbon atom. Although it has the carbonyl group, it exhibits different reactions than simple carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic acids typically undergo reactions like esterification, reduction, and acid-base reactions, while aldehydes and ketones mainly undergo nucleophilic addition reactions.

02

Statement 2:

The electrophilicity of carbonyl carbon is less in carboxylic acids due to resonance. This statement is also True. In carboxylic acids, the carbonyl carbon is less electrophilic than in aldehydes or ketones due to resonance stabilization. The lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group can delocalize into the carbonyl group's pi bond, forming a resonance structure where the negative charge is distributed between both oxygen atoms. This delocalization stabilizes the molecule and makes the carbonyl carbon less electrophilic and less prone to nucleophilic addition reactions. Now, let's examine the relationship between these two statements.

03

Relationship between Statement 1 and Statement 2:

Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1. The reason why carboxylic acids do not give the characteristic reactions of carbonyl compounds is due to the reduced electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon. This reduced electrophilicity is caused by resonance, as explained in Statement 2. Since both statements are true and Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1, the correct answer to this exercise is: (a) Statement- 1 is True, Statement- 2 is True; Statement- 2 is a correct explanation for Statement- 1.

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