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Chapter 5: Problem 29

Identify the true statements about methanoic acid. (a) It is formed by heating glycerol with oxalic acid to about \(373 \mathrm{~K}\). (b) It gives formyl chloride when treated with \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5^{*}}\) (c) It is a stronger acid than benzoic acid. (d) It gives carbon monoxide on heating with con. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) It can be formed by heating glycerol and oxalic acid. b) It forms formyl chloride when reacted with PCl5. c) It is a stronger acid than benzoic acid. d) It produces carbon monoxide when heated with concentrated H2SO4. Answer: All of the given statements (a, b, c, and d) about methanoic acid are true.

Step by step solution

01

Statement (a): Formation by heating glycerol and oxalic acid

Methanoic acid (HCOOH) can indeed be formed by heating glycerol with oxalic acid (C2H2O4) to about 373 K. The reaction can be represented as: \(C_{3}H_{8}O_{3} + C_{2}H_{2}O_{4} \rightarrow HCOOH + C_{3}H_{6}O_{3} + H_{2}O\) So, statement (a) is TRUE.
02

Statement (b): Formation of formyl chloride with PCl5

When methanoic acid reacts with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), it forms formyl chloride (HClO) and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3). The reaction can be represented as: \(HCOOH + PCl_{5} \rightarrow HClO + POCl_{3}\) So, statement (b) is TRUE.
03

Statement (c): Acid strength compared to benzoic acid

Methanoic acid is an organic acid, and its acidic strength is determined by its ability to donate a proton (H+). Methanoic acid is a stronger acid than benzoic acid due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group (C=O) attached to the carboxyl group (-COOH). This makes it easier for methanoic acid to lose a proton and become ionized compared to benzoic acid. So, statement (c) is TRUE.
04

Statement (d): Production of carbon monoxide with con. H2SO4

When methanoic acid is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), it undergoes dehydration and produces carbon monoxide (CO) and water (H2O). The reaction can be represented as: \(HCOOH + H_{2}SO_{4} \rightarrow CO + H_{2}O + H_{2}SO_{4}\) So, statement (d) is TRUE. In conclusion, all of the given statements (a, b, c, and d) about methanoic acid are TRUE.

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