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Chapter 5: Problem 48

Acetic acid with HI in presence of red phosphorus gives (a) methane (b) ethane (c) ethanal (d) methanal

Short Answer

Expert verified
Answer: The product formed in this reaction is ethane (CH3CH3).

Step by step solution

01

Identifying the reactants

The reactants are acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydroiodic acid (HI). The reaction also involves red phosphorus (P).
02

Identifying the reaction mechanism

The reaction of acetic acid with hydroiodic acid in the presence of red phosphorus is a reduction reaction. Red phosphorus acts as a reducing agent, and HI as a nucleophile.
03

Breaking down the acetic acid molecule

Acetic acid (CH3COOH) has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH). During the reduction reaction with red phosphorus and HI, the carbonyl group (C=O) will be reduced to an alcohol group (-OH). The hydroiodic acid will replace the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the acetic acid with iodine (I).
04

Writing the reaction equation

The reaction process can be written as: CH3COOH + HI -> CH3COI + H2O Then, the reaction with red phosphorus and another molecule of hydroiodic acid reduces the carbonyl group to a single bond and replaces iodine with a hydrogen atom. CH3COI + 2HI + P -> CH3CH2I + H2O + PI3 The last step of the reaction is intramolecular hydrogen extraction, which leads to the formation of ethane. CH3CH2I + HI + P -> CH3CH3 + H2 + PI3
05

Identifying the final product

As a result of this reaction, the final product is ethane (CH3CH3). Therefore, the correct answer is option (b).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify the product (b) in the following sequence of reactions. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CHO} \stackrel{\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{NOH}}{\longrightarrow}(\mathrm{A}) \stackrel{\mathrm{P}_{+} \mathrm{O}_{\mathfrak{l}}}{\longrightarrow}(\mathrm{B})\) (a) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CN}\) (b) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{NH}\) (c) \(\mathrm{CH}_{2}=\mathrm{CH}-\mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{NOH}\) (d) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{NH}_{2}\)

Which of the following statements relating to the derivatives of carboxylic acids are correct? [R]C(N)=O (a) An amide \(\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{C}_{-\mathrm{N} \mathrm{H}}\) answers all the tests for a primary amine. (b) Among the carboxylic acid derivatives, acid chloride is the most reactive. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids \(5.57\) (c) Carboxylic acid can be converted to an ester by reacting with alcohol in the presence of a base. (d) Benzoic acid can be converted to methyl benzoate by using diazomethane.

Hydroxyacetic acid (HOCH \(_{2}\) COOH ) is obtained by (a) the reduction of acetic acid by LiAlH (b) the hydrolysis of ethylene chlorohydrin, by aqueous alkali (c) the reaction of \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CHO}\) with HCN followed by acid hydrolysis (d) Cannizzaro reaction of glyoxal.

Each question in this section has four suggested answers of which ONE OR MORE answers will be correct. \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH} \underset{\text { (ii) heat }}{\stackrel{(\mathrm{i}) \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}}{\longrightarrow}}(\mathrm{P})\) The organic compound (P) formed in the above reaction (a) does not reduce Tollens' reagent (b) does not undergo aldol condensation (c) reacts with chloroform in presence of alkali (d) gives two geometrical isomers of the oxime when treated with hydroxylamine

p-cresol \(\stackrel{\mathrm{CHCl}_{3} \mathrm{NaOH}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{A} \stackrel{\mathrm{HCN}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{B} \stackrel{\mathrm{H}, \mathrm{O}^{+}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{C}\) Which of the following statements is not true about the product (C) in the above sequence of reactions? (a) It gives violet colour with neutral ferric chloride solution. (b) It is optically active. (c) There are six \(\mathrm{sp}^{2}\) hybridised carbon atoms in one molecule of it. (d) It liberates \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) when treated with \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) solution.
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