How will you convert (a) benzene to \(\mathrm{m}\) -bromo iodobenzene? (b) aniline to \(3,5-\) di iodo nitrobenzene?

Question: Describe the step-by-step synthesis process for converting (a) benzene to m-bromo iodobenzene and (b) aniline to 3,5-di iodo nitrobenzene. Answer: (a) The synthesis process for converting benzene to m-bromo iodobenzene involves two steps: (1) Formation of iodobenzene through an electrophilic substitution reaction with iodine and an oxidizing agent, such as \(\mathrm{HNO}_3\), and (2) Formation of m-bromo iodobenzene by using Friedel-Crafts reaction, where bromine gas (\(\mathrm{Br}_2\)) reacts with iodobenzene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, such as \(\mathrm{AlBr}_3\). (b) The synthesis process for converting aniline to 3,5-di iodo nitrobenzene involves three steps: (1) Formation of nitroaniline via a nitration reaction with a nitrating mixture of concentrated \(\mathrm{HNO}_3\) and concentrated \(\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{SO}_4\), (2) Formation of 3,5-di iodo nitroaniline by reacting nitroaniline with iodine (\(\mathrm{I_2}\)) and potassium iodide (\(\mathrm{KI}\)) in an aqueous solution, and (3) Conversion of 3,5-di iodo nitroaniline into 3,5-di iodo nitrobenzene by a diazotization reaction followed by a Sandmeyer reaction using sodium nitrite (\(\mathrm{NaNO}_2\)), hydrochloric acid (\(\mathrm{HCl}\)), and copper(I) chloride (\(\mathrm{CuCl}\)).