What are the objectives of plane surveying?

Plane surveying is a subfield of surveying, which involves the measurement of the earth's surface using various instruments and methods. It assumes that the earth is flat and deals with small areas where the earth's curvature can be ignored. It is commonly used for the survey and mapping of small areas like construction sites, roads, and land parcels.

One of the primary objectives of plane surveying is to accurately determine the position of different points on the earth's surface. This information is essential for the planning, design, and construction of various engineering projects such as buildings, roads, bridges, and pipelines. By establishing the position of these points, surveyors can create maps to help with the design and execution of projects.

Plane surveying helps determine the distance between different points on the earth's surface. Measuring distances accurately is crucial in various engineering and construction projects, such as determining property boundaries, estimating construction costs, and designing transportation networks. Surveyors use different methods and instruments to achieve the required level of accuracy in measuring distances.

Another important objective of plane surveying is to measure the angles between different points on the earth's surface. Angles are essential in determining the shape and size of areas, as well as in estimating the slopes and gradients in construction projects. A variety of tools, including compasses, theodolites, and total stations, are used to measure angles accurately in plane surveying.

Control points and reference marks are essential for coordinating different surveys, setting out construction projects, and accurately determining the location of various features on a site. Plane surveying involves establishing control points in the field, which serve as fixed reference points for later use in other surveys or the design and construction of various projects.

The final objective of plane surveying is to prepare maps and plans based on the measurements taken in the field. These maps, which include topographic maps, cadastral maps, and engineering plans, are essential for various purposes like land management, development planning, and the design and construction of infrastructure projects. Surveyors use specialized software to process field data and create accurate and detailed maps and plans. In conclusion, plane surveying deals with the measurement and mapping of the earth's surface, assuming it to be flat. Its main objectives include determining positions of points, measuring distances and angles, establishing control points, and creating maps and plans for various engineering, construction, and land management purposes.