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Chapter 7: Problem 77

This section contains multiple choice questions. Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE is correct. Which of the following does not have any chiral centre? (a) glyceraldehydes (b) dihydroxyacetone (c) aldopentose (d) ketopentose

Short Answer

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a) Glyceraldehydes b) Dihydroxyacetone c) Aldopentose d) Ketopentose Answer: b) Dihydroxyacetone

Step by step solution

01

Identify the structure of glyceraldehydes

Glyceraldehyde is the simplest monosaccharide with the formula C3H6O3, having one aldehyde and two hydroxyl functional groups. It exists in two enantiomeric forms (D and L). Its structure is as follows: H-(C=O)-(C(OH)H)-(C(OH)2)-H
02

Identify the chiral center in glyceraldehydes

There is one chiral center in glyceraldehydes, which is the second carbon atom bonded to the C=O. It has four unique substituents: H, (C=O), (C(OH)2), and (OH): H-(C=O)-\textbf{(C(OH)H)}-(C(OH)2)-H Thus, glyceraldehydes have one chiral center.
03

Identify the structure of dihydroxyacetone

Dihydroxyacetone is the simplest ketose with the formula C3H6O3, having one ketone and two hydroxyl functional groups. Its structure is as follows: H-(C=O)-(C(OH)2)-H
04

Determine if dihydroxyacetone has a chiral center

There are no carbon atoms in dihydroxyacetone with four unique substituents. The carbon atom next to the C=O has only three unique substituents: H, (C=O), and (C(OH)2): H-(C=O)-\textbf{(C(OH)2)}-H Thus, dihydroxyacetone does not have any chiral center.
05

Identify the aldopentose and ketopentose

Aldopentose is a five-carbon monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group, and all of its isomers have chiral centers. Examples are ribose and arabinose. Ketopentose is a five-carbon monosaccharide with a ketone functional group, and all of its isomers have chiral centers. An example is ribulose.
06

Choose the correct option

Since dihydroxyacetone does not have any chiral center, the correct option is (b) dihydroxyacetone.

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