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Chapter 10: Problem 10

Give the preparation, properties and uses of the following: (a) Sodium bicarbonate (b) Sodium thiosulphate (c) Sodamide (d) Potassium iodide (e) Lithium aluminium hydride

Short Answer

Expert verified
Sodium bicarbonate is a white powder used as a leavening agent and mild abrasive. Sodium thiosulphate is a colourless crystal used in photography and medicine. Sodamide, with sodium ions and amide ions, is used as a strong base in organic chemistry. Potassium iodide is a white solid used in medical treatments and iodized salt. Lithium aluminium hydride is a white solid, used as a reducing agent.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Sodium Bicarbonate

Sodium Bicarbonate, also known as baking soda, can be prepared through the Solvay process. It is a white solid that appears crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste and is used in baking as a leavening agent, in fire extinguishers, as an antacid in medicine, and as a mild abrasive in cleaning agents.
02

Understanding Sodium Thiosulphate

Sodium thiosulphate is prepared from the reaction between sodium sulphite with sulphur. It appears as colourless, monoclinic crystals and is reasonably soluble in water. It is mainly used in photography for fixing negatives and prints, in medicine to treat cyanide poisoning, and as a titrant in iodometry.
03

Understanding Sodamide

Sodamide, or Sodium amide, is prepared by reacting dry ammonia with sodium. It is a solid ionic compound of sodium ions and amide ions that is commonly used as a strong base in organic chemistry.
04

Understanding Potassium Iodide

Potassium iodide is prepared by reacting iodine with potassium hydroxide. It is a white crystalline solid, that is soluble in water. Its primary uses are in medical treatments, nutritional supplements and radiation emergencies. It’s also used widely as a component in iodized salt.
05

Understanding Lithium Aluminium Hydride

Lithium aluminium hydride is prepared by reacting lithium hydride with aluminium chloride. It is a white crystalline solid but usually appears as a grey powder. It is a reducing agent used in organic chemistry for the reduction of esters, carboxylic acids, and amides.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What are crown ethers and cryptates?

Describe in detail the Solvay process for the manufacture of caustic soda.

Explain why lithium is the strongest reducing agent in spite of its high ionisation energy.

Write complete balanced equation for the reaction of the following compounds with water. (a) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) NaH (c) \(\mathrm{NaNH}_{2}\) (d) \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{2}\) (e) \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{2}\)

What is diagonal relationship? How do lithium and magnesium show similar chemical behaviour?
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