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Chapter 13: Problem 6

How are artificial graphite and diamond prepared?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Artificial graphite is prepared through the process of graphitisation that exposes carbon-rich material to extremely high heat leading to formation of crystalline graphite structure. Artificial diamond is usually prepared by either High Pressure, High Temperature (HPHT) method or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). In HPHT, extreme pressure and heat are applied on graphite to transform it to diamond, while CVD involves deposition of carbon atoms on a substrate under high temperature and low pressure to form diamond.

Step by step solution

01

Preparation of Artificial Graphite

Artificial graphite is formed by the process known as graphitisation. Here, a material with high carbon content, such as anthracite coal or petroleum coke, undergoes extreme heat treatments (around 3000 degrees Celsius), which transforms the carbon atoms into a crystalline structure similar to that of natural graphite. The process involves heat and pressure with no presence of air.
02

Preparation of Artificial Diamond

Artificial diamonds, also known as synthetic diamonds, can be prepared using one of two methods: High Pressure, High Temperature (HPHT) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). In HPHT, a carbon source such as graphite is subjected to extremely high pressure (approx. 5 GPa) and temperature (1400-1600 degrees Celsius). This imitates the natural conditions where diamonds are formed. On the other hand, CVD involves breaking down gas molecules in a vacuum chamber to get carbon atoms, which are deposited on a substrate, gradually building up into a diamond.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give reason for the following: (a) Carbon does not form complex compounds. (b) \(\mathrm{Pb}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) is a mixed oxide. (c) \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is a gas while silica is a solid. (d) \(\mathrm{CCl}_{4}\) can not be hydrolysed in water. (e) \(\mathrm{SnO}_{2}\) is amphoteric.

What are peroxo carbonates \& peroxodicarbonate? Give their properties.

Discuss the anomalous behaviour of carbon.

What are intercalation compounds of graphite? Discuss their formation stages.

Discuss the preparation, structure and properties of fullerenes.
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