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Chapter 14: Problem 10

Discuss the structure of the following: (a) \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\) (e) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structures of these compounds are: (a) \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) is bent, (b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) is trigonal pyramidal, (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\) is tetrahedral, (d) \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\) is trigonal pyramidal and (e) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) is trigonal bipyramidal.

Step by step solution

01

Structure of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\)

First, examine \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\). The Lewis diagram of \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) should be drawn first. Then based on VSEPR theory which is responsible for the shape of the actual molecules, we find that \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) has a bent structure.
02

Structure of \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\)

Next, examine \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\). After drawing the Lewis diagram, we can determine that the geometry of \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) is trigonal pyramidal.
03

Structure of \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\)

Now, look at \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\). The Lewis diagram of this compound can be drawn, and based on VSEPR theory, its structure is determined to be tetrahedral.
04

Structure of \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\)

Next, discuss \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\). Draw its Lewis diagram, and using VSEPR theory, determine its structure, which is trigonal pyramidal.
05

Structure of \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\)

Finally, examine \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\). Drawing the Lewis diagram for this compound and then applying VSEPR theory, its structure is determined to be trigonal bipyramidal.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write balanced chemical equations for the following: (a) Action of conc. nitric acid on sugar (b) Action of zinc with very dilute nitric acid (c) Action of \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) with ethyl alcohol (d) Action of hot conc. \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) with white phosphorus

Give reasons for the following: (a) \(\mathrm{NCl}_{3}\) is hydrolysed but \(\mathrm{NF}_{3}\) is stable. (b) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) is known but \(\mathrm{NCl}_{5}\), does not exist. (c) Bismuth shows mainly +III oxidation states. (d) Nitrogen shows-III oxidation state.

Discuss the oxidising action of dilute and conc. nitric acid with the help of suitable examples.

Give an account of the preparation and properties of the following substances. (a) Hydrazoic acid (b) Phosphoric acid (c) White arsenic

Give an account of the various allotropes of phosphorus.
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