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Chapter 14: Problem 3

Give an account of the preparation and properties of the following substances. (a) Hydrazoic acid (b) Phosphoric acid (c) White arsenic

Short Answer

Expert verified
Hydrazoic acid, prepared by reacting sodium azide with HCl, is a volatile, colorless, odourous and explosive compound. Phosphoric acid is prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid with tricalcium phosphate; it's colorless, odourless, and forms three classes of salts. White arsenic is prepared by heating arsenic in air, forming a white crystalline solid with a garlic smell and high toxicity.

Step by step solution

01

Preparation and Properties of Hydrazoic Acid

Hydrazoic acid can be prepared by the reaction of sodium azide with a strong acid such as HCl. The reaction is: NaN3 + HCl → HN3 + NaCl. Regarding its properties, Hydrazoic acid is a volatile and highly toxic compound. It is generally colorless, has a pungent odour, and is explosive in nature.
02

Preparation and Properties of Phosphoric Acid

Phosphoric acid can be prepared by the reaction of sulfuric acid with tricalcium phosphate. The reaction is: Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 → 2H3PO4 + 3CaSO4. Phosphoric Acid is colorless, odourless, and possesses a syrupy consistency. It has a sour taste and is non-toxic. Moreover, it can form three classes of salts, making it a triprotic acid.
03

Preparation and Properties of White Arsenic

White arsenic, or arsenic trioxide, is prepared by heating arsenic in air. The group reacts with oxygen in the air to form white arsenic. Arsenic + Oxygen → Arsenic Trioxide. As for properties, white arsenic is a white crystalline solid with garlic odour. It is highly toxic and soluble in water.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Discuss the structure of the following: (a) \(\mathrm{HNO}_{2}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\) (e) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\)

Account for the following: (a) AgCI dissolves in ammonia. (b) White phosphorus is more reactive than red phosphorus. (c) \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) does not act as a reducing agent. (d) \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{3}\) is a stronger acid than \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}\).

Discuss the comparative account of the properties of the trihalides of Group 15 elements.

Discuss the oxidising action of dilute and conc. nitric acid with the help of suitable examples.

Give reasons for the following: (a) \(\mathrm{NCl}_{3}\) is hydrolysed but \(\mathrm{NF}_{3}\) is stable. (b) \(\mathrm{PCl}_{5}\) is known but \(\mathrm{NCl}_{5}\), does not exist. (c) Bismuth shows mainly +III oxidation states. (d) Nitrogen shows-III oxidation state.
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