Discuss the uses and properties of the following elements: (a) Titanium (b) Manganese (c) Cobalt

Transition metals, which include elements like titanium, manganese, and cobalt, are a group characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and colored compounds. They often possess high melting points and are typically very hard. Known for their conductive properties, transition metals are widely used in electronics and electricity transmission.

For instance, titanium's high strength-to-density ratio, coupled with its resistance to corrosion, is indispensable in aerospace applications, where every gram counts, and materials must withstand extreme conditions. Such metals are also pivotal in developing high-strength, lightweight materials for various engineering applications.

Corrosion resistance is a highly sought-after property, especially in materials that are exposed to harsh environments or those that must have a long service life without deteriorating. Elements like titanium and manganese exhibit this property, which is why they are extensively used in areas where oxidation or rust could prove catastrophic.

Take, for example, the use of titanium in hip replacements and pacemaker cases; its immunity to body fluids ensures a long-term solution without the risk of rejection or degradation. Additionally, the addition of manganese in steel notably prevents rusting, which is fundamental in constructing durable and safe buildings, bridges, and transportation systems.

Alloys play a crucial role in industrial applications by combining metals to achieve specific properties not found in pure metals. The use of manganese to improve the hardness and stiffness of steel is one such example. These alloys are then utilized in high-precision tools, construction materials, and even in everyday items like soda cans.

Similarly, cobalt is instrumental in producing superalloys for aircraft engine parts due to its ability to retain strength under high thermal stress. Without the strategic use of these alloys, advancements in technology and infrastructure would be severely limited, demonstrating the importance of understanding and utilizing the unique qualities of transition metals in industry.