Chapter 20: Problem 4

Give reasons for (a) Titanium cannot be extracted from its oxide by reduction with carbon. (b) Silver chloride is soluble in ammonia but sparingly soluble in water.

Short Answer

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Titanium cannot be extracted from its oxide by carbon because it is higher than carbon in the reactivity series hence it has stronger attraction to oxygen. Silver chloride is sparingly soluble in water due to strong ionic bonds but soluble in ammonia due to formation of a soluble complex ion, [Ag(NH3)2]+.

Step by step solution

Explaining Titanium Extraction

Titanium cannot be extracted from its oxide using carbon as a reducing agent because titanium has a stronger attraction for oxygen than carbon does. This is due to the position of titanium higher in the reactivity series than carbon. Titanium will remain bound to the oxygen and will not be reduced.

Solubility of Silver Chloride in Water

Silver chloride (AgCl) is sparingly soluble in water. This is due to the fact that its ions, Ag+ and Cl-, form ionic bonds that are too strong to be broken down easily by water molecules.

Solubility of Silver Chloride in Ammonia

However, Silver chloride is soluble in ammonia due to the formation of a soluble complex ion, [Ag(NH3)2]+. In this process, two ammonia molecules coordinate with Ag+ to form the diammine silver(I) complex. This complex ion is soluble in ammonia, so the silver chloride dissolves.

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Give reasons for (a) Titanium cannot be extracted from its oxide by reduction with carbon. (b) Silver chloride is soluble in ammonia but sparingly soluble in water.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Explaining Titanium Extraction

Solubility of Silver Chloride in Water

Solubility of Silver Chloride in Ammonia

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