Chapter 22: Problem 1

Discuss the various methods for separation of lanthanides.

Short Answer

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The various methods for separating lanthanides include solvent extraction, ion exchange method, fractional crystallization, chromatographic method, and sublimation.

Step by step solution

Solvent Extraction

This is one of the most common methods used for the separation of lanthanides, which involves transferring a solute from one solvent to another. The difference in solubility of the lanthanides in the two solvents causes them to separate.

Ion Exchange Method

This method is based on the difference in the rates at which the lanthanides are adsorbed on an ion exchange resin. The lanthanides are passed through a column of the resin and are selectively absorbed, allowing them to be separated.

Fractional Crystallization

This method involves the separation of lanthanides by repeatedly crystallizing a solution. The lanthanides with lower solubility crystallize out first, and can be separated from the others.

Chromatographic Method

Chromatography is a process where lanthanides are separated based on their rate of movement through a medium under the influence of a solvent.

Sublimation

This process is used for those lanthanides that easily convert from solid to gas state without passing through a liquid state. The solid lanthanide compounds are heated and the vapours formed are condensed to get the individual lanthanides.

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Discuss the various methods for separation of lanthanides.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Solvent Extraction

Ion Exchange Method

Fractional Crystallization

Chromatographic Method

Sublimation

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