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Chapter 28: Problem 1

Define \(\pi\) -acceptor ligands with the help of suitable examples.

Short Answer

Expert verified
\(\pi\)-acceptor ligands are ligands that accept electron density into their \(\pi\)* antibonding orbitals during chemical bond formation. Examples include carbon monoxide (CO), cyanide (CN-), and ethylene (C2H4).

Step by step solution

01

Define \(\pi\)-acceptor Ligands

\(\pi\)-acceptor ligands are a type of ligand that can accept electron density into their \(\pi\)* antibonding orbitals. This happens during the formation of a chemical bond. Donor-acceptor bonding is a type of chemical bonding where one atom provides electrons (the donor) into anti-bonding orbital of another atom (the acceptor).
02

Provide examples

Examples of \(\pi\)-acceptor ligands include carbon monoxide (CO), cyanide (CN-), and ethylene (C2H4). These ligands have \(\pi\)* antibonding orbitals that accept electron density from the metal center during bond formation. For instance, in carbon monoxide (CO), the carbon is the electron donor via a lone pair located in one of its unoccupied \(\pi\)* orbitals, and the oxygen acts a \(\pi\)-acceptor, accepting electron density from the metal.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give reasons for (a) CO stretching frequencies are higher in \(\left[\mathrm{F}_{3} \mathrm{PNi}(\mathrm{CO})_{3}\right]\) than in \(\left[\mathrm{Me}_{3} \mathrm{PNi}(\mathrm{CO})_{3}\right]\). (b) Extent of \(\pi\) -bonding in \(\left[\mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{CNR})_{4}\right.\) is higher than in \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CNR})_{6}\right]^{2+}\).

How are spectral studies helpful in the structure determination of metal carbonyls?

Discuss the chemical properties of metal carbonyls.

Give reasons for (a) \(\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\) and \(\mathrm{Pt}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\) are not stable but \(\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{4}\) is stable. (b) \(\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CO})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is not formed but \(\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{CO})_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) is stable.

Compare the extent of \(\pi\) -bonding in the following complexes: \(\left[\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{NO})(\mathrm{CN})_{5}\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{V}(\mathrm{NO})(\mathrm{CN})_{5}\right]^{3-}\)
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