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Chapter 31: Problem 3

Name the following species using IUPAC nomenclatures \(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{C}_{2}^{2-}, \mathrm{AsH}_{4}^{+},\left[\mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{P}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_{3}\right]^{3-}, \mathrm{Cr}_{4} \mathrm{O}_{18}^{2-}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{NH}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{BF}_{3}, \mathrm{~B}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Chlorate, Ethynediide, Arsenic tetrahydride ion, Tetrakis(µ-oxido)-oxido-phosphate(3-), Sodium carbonate decahydrate, Ammonia adduct one Boron trifluoride, Tetraborane(10). Multiplicative compound naming can be complex and beyond the scope of many introductory chemistry courses, so recognition of it is important, but naming may not always be possible.

Step by step solution

01

Naming Polyatomic Ions and Covalent Compounds.

Firstly, let's identify the polyatomic ions and covalent compounds. \(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}\) is a polyatomic ion with a single negative charge. It's named Chlorate. \(\mathrm{C}_{2}^{2-}\) is a diatomic carbon ion with a double negative charge. It's named Ethynediide. \(\mathrm{AsH}_{4}^{+}\) is a covalent compound named Arsenic tetrahydride ion.
02

Naming Complex Ions.

Next, we name the complex ion \(\left[\mathrm{O}_{2}\mathrm{P}-\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{SO}_{3}\right]^{3-}\). Since sulfur is the central atom being coordinated with the other atoms, this ion is PREFIX-oxido-oxido-phosphate(3-). The PREFIX will be decided by the charge and total number of atoms coordinated to the sulfur atom. In this case, the prefix for four atoms is 'tetrakis', thus it is Tetrakis(µ-oxido)-oxido-phosphate(3-).
03

Naming Salt and Hydrate.

Next up, \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) is a salt and a hydrate. The main compound is \(Na_2CO_3\), which is named Sodium carbonate. Since there are 10 molecules of water, it is a decahydrate. Therefore, the name is Sodium carbonate decahydrate.
04

Naming Adduct Compound.

\(\mathrm{NH}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{BF}_{3}\) is an adduct compound. It is expressed as: Name of adduct component + 'adduct' + number + Name of central component. In this case, it is named 'Ammonia adduct one Boron trifluoride'.
05

Naming a Cluster Compound.

Lastly, \(\mathrm{B}_{4}\mathrm{H}_{10}\) is a cluster compound. It's named Tetraborane(10).
06

Naming Multiplicative Compound

\(\mathrm{Cr}_{4}\mathrm{O}_{18}^{2-}\) is a multiplicative compound. Name of such compounds include the word 'bis' or 'tris' etc., based on the number of central atoms. However, the compound listed above doesn't fall into any standard examples, thus it's a bit difficult to name it according to IUPAC nomenclature rules.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds:- (a) \(\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) (b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\) (c) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) (d) \(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\) (e) \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\) (f) \(\mathrm{BeCl}_{2}\) (g) \(\mathrm{NaAlO}_{3}\) (h) LiCl (i) \(\mathrm{SeO}_{2}\) (j) \(\mathrm{PH}_{4}{ }^{+}\) (k) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) (I) \(\mathrm{CuCl}_{2}\) (j) \(\mathrm{UO}_{2}\)

Give the rules for nomenclature of isopolyanions and hetropolyanions

Give correct formula for the following compounds: Lithium dihydrogenphosphate, sulphurous acid, pernitric acid, Trioxocarbonic acid, hexaoxoiodic acid, O- methyl hydroxylamine, trisulphuric acid, Acetonium ion, cyclotriphosphate ion, Diphosphane and difluorohydrogenate ( 1 - anion )

Illustrate the use of Arabic numerals and multiplying affixes in inorganic nomenclature with the help of suitable examples.
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