Chapter 8: Problem 6

Discuss the trends across the third period for the following properties: (a) lonisation energy (b) Electron affinity (c) Electronegativity

Short Answer

Expert verified

Across the third period, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity generally increase due to the increasing nuclear charge which attracts the electrons more strongly and the smaller radius. However, electronegativity sees a decrease at the end due to achieving a full orbital/stable gas configuration.

Step by step solution

Understanding Ionization Energy across the third period

Starting from the left, ionization energy generally increases across the third period. This is due to the increasing nuclear charge which attracts the electrons more strongly, and the shielding effect remains constant. Therefore more energy is required to remove an electron.

Discussing Electron Affinity across the third period

Electron affinity also generally increases across the period. This is because the atomic radius decreases across the period and the nuclear charge increases; thus an incoming electron is more strongly attracted.

Understanding Electronegativity across the third period

Electronegativity generally increases across the third period. This is due to the increase in nuclear charge which increases the attraction for external electrons. However, a drop is observed in the last element of the period due to the fact that full orbitals/stable gas configuration has been achieved, which makes it unattractive for external electrons.

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Discuss the trends across the third period for the following properties: (a) lonisation energy (b) Electron affinity (c) Electronegativity

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Understanding Ionization Energy across the third period

Discussing Electron Affinity across the third period

Understanding Electronegativity across the third period

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