Find the molar mass of each of the following compounds: Sand, silicon dioxide (SiO2) Draino^{TM} , \text { sodium hydroxide } ( \mathrm { NaOH } ) Nutrasweet \(^{\mathrm{TM}}\), Aspartame (C \(\left._{14} \mathrm{H}_{18} \mathrm{~N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}\right)\) Bone phosphate, calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in chemical reactions. It provides the proportions of elements and compounds that react and form in these reactions based on the laws of conservation of mass. The foundation of stoichiometry lies in the balanced chemical equation, which reflects the principle that matter is neither created nor destroyed.

For example, when calculating how much of one substance reacts with another, or determining the yield of a product, stoichiometry helps in making those predictions. To carry out such calculations, the molar mass of the compounds involved is essential. The molar mass serves as a bridge between the mass in grams and the amount of substance in moles.

The atomic mass, often referred to as the atomic weight, is the average mass of atoms of an element, measured in atomic mass units (amu). The atomic mass takes into account the isotopes of the element and their relative abundance. For instance, the atomic mass of carbon is 12.0107 g/mol, which is a weighted average of the various isotopes of carbon.

When calculating the molar mass of a compound, such as taking the sum of the atomic masses of its constituent atoms, it's important to use accurate values for these atomic masses. The Periodic Table of Elements is an essential tool, as it provides the average atomic mass of each element, which can be used directly in molar mass calculations.

Chemical compounds are substances composed of two or more different types of atoms bonded together in specific ratios. The properties of a compound are distinct from those of its constituent elements. For example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) has unique properties that neither sodium nor hydroxide possesses individually.

Understanding the composition of chemical compounds is crucial when determining their molar mass. The molecular formula, such as Ca3(PO4)2 for calcium phosphate, indicates the exact number of each type of atom present in one molecule of the compound. By knowing this, one can calculate the molar mass by adding together the atomic masses of all the atoms in the formula, adjusted for the number of each type of atom present in the molecule. This precise calculation is key for accurately performing stoichiometric computations in various chemical processes and laboratory experiments.