Chapter 8

1\. For each of the following, write a balanced neutralization equation: a. The reaction of calcium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid. b. The reaction of sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid (both ionizations). c. The reaction of barium hydroxide with nitric acid. 2\. Write a balanced neutralization equation for the reaction of calcium hydroxide with sulfuric acid

1\. A solution is known to have a hydronium ion concentration of \(4.5 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{M}\); what is the \(p \mathrm{H}\) this solution? 2\. A solution is known to have a \(p \mathrm{H}\) of \(9.553\); what is the concentration of hydronium ion in this solution? 3\. A solution is known to have a hydronium ion concentration of \(9.5 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{M}\); what is the \(p \mathrm{H}\) this solution? 4\. A solution is known to have a pH of \(4.57\); what is the hydronium ion concentration of this solution?

1\. You are given a solution containing an unknown concentration of HCl. You carefully measure \(50.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of this solution into a flask and then add a few drops of phenolphthalein solution. You prepare a buret containing \(0.055 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) and note that the initial level of the solution in the buret is \(12.6 \mathrm{~mL}\). You slowly add the \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) solution to the acid until the color change just occurs (as evidence of the color change becomes visible, you carefully stir the solution after each drop has been added). When the acid solution turns (and remains) pink, you note that the volume in the buret is now \(28.9 \mathrm{~mL}\). What is the concentration of the unknown acid solution? 2\. If \(25.00 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(\mathrm{HCl}\) solution with a concentration of \(0.1234 \mathrm{M}\) is neutralized by \(23.45 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\), what is the concentration of the base?

Calculating \(\left[\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]\) and \(\left[\mathrm{HO}^{-}\right]\) using \(\mathrm{K} \mathrm{W}\) 1\. A solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), is known to have a hydronium ion concentration of \(4.5 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{M}\); what is the concentration of hydroxide ion in this solution? 2\. A solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), is known to have a hydroxide ion concentration of \(7.5 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{M}\); what is the concentration of hydronium ion in this solution? 3\. A solution is known to have a hydronium ion concentration of \(9.5 \times 10^{-8} \mathrm{M}\); what is the concentration of hydroxide ion in this solution?