Chapter 11

An air sample contains \(0.038 \% \mathrm{CO}_{2}\). If the total pressure is \(758 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}\), what is the partial pressure of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) ?

A heliox deep-sea diving mixture contains \(4.0 \%\) oxygen and \(96.0 \%\) helium. What is the partial pressure of oxygen when this mixture is delivered at a total pressure of \(8.5 \mathrm{~atm}\) ?

A scuba diver breathing normal air descends to \(100 \mathrm{~m}\) of depth, where the total pressure is \(11 \mathrm{~atm}\). What is the partial pressure of oxygen that the diver experiences at this depth? Is the diver in danger of experiencing oxygen toxicity?

Calculate the volume of each gas sample at STP. (a) \(22.5 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) (b) \(3.6\) mol nitrogen (c) \(2.2\) mol helium (d) \(27 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{CH}_{4}\)

Calculate the volume of each gas sample at STP. (a) \(21.2 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{~N}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(0.215 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{CO}\) (c) \(0.364 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{CO}_{2}\) (d) \(8.6 \mathrm{~mol} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{6}\)

Calculate the volume of each gas sample at STP. (a) \(73.9 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~N}_{2}\) (b) \(42.9 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (c) \(148 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{NO}_{2}\) (d) \(245 \mathrm{mg} \mathrm{CO}_{2}\)

Consider the chemical reaction: $$ \mathrm{C}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) \longrightarrow \mathrm{CO}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g) $$ How many liters of hydrogen gas are formed from the complete reaction of \(1.07 \mathrm{~mol}\) of \(\mathrm{C} ?\) Assume that the hydrogen gas is collected at \(1.0 \mathrm{~atm}\) and \(315 \mathrm{~K}\).

How many grams of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) form when \(24.8 \mathrm{~L}\) of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\) (measured at \(S T P\) ) reacts with \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) to form \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) according to this reaction? $$ \mathrm{N}_{2}(g)+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g) $$

How many grams of calcium are consumed when \(156.8 \mathrm{~mL}\) of oxygen gas, measured at STP, reacts with calcium according to this reaction? $$ 2 \mathrm{Ca}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CaO}(s) $$

How many grams of magnesium oxide form when \(14.8 \mathrm{~L}\) of oxygen gas, measured at STP, completely reacts with magnesium metal according to this reaction? $$ 2 \mathrm{Mg}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Mg} \mathrm{O}(s) $$