Problem 45

Which electron is, on average, closer to the nucleus: an electron in a \(2 s\) orbital or an electron in a \(3 s\) orbital?

Problem 46

Which electron is, on average, farther from the nucleus: an electron in a \(3 p\) orbital or an electron in a \(4 p\) orbital?

Problem 47

According to the quantum-mechanical model for the hydrogen atom, which electron transition produces light with longer wavelength: \(2 p\) to \(1 s\) or \(3 p\) to \(1 s\) ?

Problem 48

According to the quantum-mechanical model for the hydrogen atom, which transition produces light with longer wavelength: \(3 p\) to \(2 s\) or \(4 p\) to \(2 s\) ?

Problem 49

Write full electron configurations for each element. (a) \(\mathrm{Sr}\) (b) Ge (c) \(\mathrm{Li}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Kr}\)

Problem 50

Write full electron configurations for each element. (a) \(\mathrm{N}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ar}\) (d) Se

Problem 51

Write full orbital diagrams and indicate the number of unpaired electrons for each element. (a) \(\mathrm{He}\) (b) \(\mathrm{B}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Li}\) (d) \(\mathrm{N}\)

Problem 52

Write full orbital diagrams and indicate the number of unpaired electrons for each element. (a) \(\mathrm{F}\) (b) \(C\) (c) \(\mathrm{Ne}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Be}\)

Problem 53

Write electron configurations for each element. Use the symbol of the previous noble gas in brackets to represent the core electrons. (a) Ga (b) As (c) \(\mathrm{Rb}\) (d) \(S n\)

Problem 55

Write electron configurations for each transition metal. (a) Zn (b) \(\mathrm{Cu}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Zr}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Fe}\)

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