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Chapter 1: Problem 68

Classify each of the following as elemental substance, compound, or mixture: (a) Milk (b) Chocolate cake (c) Clean snow, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s)\) (d) The simple sugar fructose, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\) (e) The mercury, \(\mathrm{Hg}\), in a thermometer

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Milk: mixture (b) Chocolate cake: mixture (c) Clean snow, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s)\): compound (d) The simple sugar fructose, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\): compound (e) The mercury, \(\mathrm{Hg}\), in a thermometer: elemental substance

Step by step solution

01

Milk

Milk is composed of various substances, such as water, fat, proteins, lactose, vitamins, and minerals. These components are not chemically bonded together and can be separated by physical methods. Therefore, milk can be classified as a mixture. (b)
02

Chocolate Cake

A chocolate cake is made up of several ingredients like flour, sugar, cocoa powder, baking soda, and others, as well as air trapped in the batter during mixing, which later forms the cake's porous texture. These ingredients aren't chemically bonded together and can be separated by physical methods. Hence, chocolate cake is a mixture. (c)
03

Clean snow, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s)\)

Clean snow is simply solid water (ice). Water is formed by two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically bonded in a fixed proportion. Therefore, clean snow as \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(s)\) can be classified as a compound. (d)
04

The simple sugar fructose, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6}\)

Fructose is composed of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms chemically bonded together in a fixed proportion. As a result, fructose can be classified as a compound. (e)
05

The mercury, \(\mathrm{Hg}\), in a thermometer

Mercury (Hg) is an element. In a thermometer, it consists of mercury atoms only and not any other substance. As such, the mercury in a thermometer can be classified as an elemental substance.

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