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Chapter 12: Problem 212

Your boss says, "Prepare \(0.5000 \mathrm{~kg}\) of a \(1.00 \%\) solution of hexane \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{14}\right.\), a liquid) in dichloromethane \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}\right.\), also a liquid). \({ }^{\prime}\) (a) What is wrong with his request? (b) How would you prepare this solution if he meant a \(1.00 \%\) by mass solution?

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) There is nothing wrong with the request as hexane and dichloromethane are compatible and can form a solution. (b) In order to prepare a 1.00% w/w solution with a total mass of 500g, 5g of hexane is needed. Weigh out 5g hexane and add it to 495g of dichloromethane, making sure to mix thoroughly for a homogeneous mixture.

Step by step solution

01

Analyzing the Initial Request

It's necessary to first identify if the request to make a 1.00% solution of hexane in dichloromethane is valid. Hexane and dichloromethane are both non-polar substances and thus compatible to form a solution, hence the request is needlessly invalid.
02

Understanding w/w Solutions

Weight-weight solutions are expressed as a percentage of the mass of solute in the total mass of the solution. In a 1.00% w/w solution of hexane in dichloromethane, every 100g of solution contains 1g of hexane. Here, the solution you are asked to prepare must have a total mass of 0.5000 kg or 500g.
03

Calculation of Mass of Solute and Solvent

In a 1.00 % w/w solution, the mass of hexane (solute) per 100g of solution will be 1g. Therefore, in 500g of solution, the mass of hexane will be \(5 \times 1 = 5g\) (we multiply by 5 as 500g is 5 times 100g). Thus, to prepare this solution, the mass of hexane needed is 5g. Since the total mass of the solution has to be 500g, and we have the amount of hexane to be 5g, we can subtract the mass of hexane from the total mass of the solution to find the mass of dichloromethane (solvent) needed, which is \(500g - 5g = 495g\).
04

Preparation of Solution

Now, to prepare the solution, weigh out 5g of hexane. Add this to sufficient dichloromethane so that the total mass of the solution equals to 500g (ensure that adding the hexane doesn't cause the mass to exceed 500g). It's important to stir the solution thoroughly to ensure a homogeneous mixture. The result will be a 1.00% w/w solution of hexane in dichloromethane.

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