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Chapter 12: Problem 37

Define the terms solute, solvent, and solution.

Short Answer

Expert verified
A solute is the substance, usually a solid, that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. A solvent is the liquid substance, like water, that dissolves the solute, and a solution is the uniform mixture of a solute dissolved evenly in a solvent, resulting in a single-phase mixture with consistent properties and composition throughout.

Step by step solution

01

Define Solute

A solute is the substance, typically a solid, that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Solutes are often found in a lesser amount compared to the solvent and can be salts, sugars, or various other substances.
02

Define Solvent

A solvent is the liquid substance, like water, that dissolves the solute to form a solution. Solvents can be polar (such as water) or nonpolar (such as oil) and have the ability to dissolve various substances depending on their chemical properties.
03

Define Solution

A solution is the uniform mixture of a solute dissolved evenly in a solvent. The resulting mixture has a single phase (such as liquid) and exhibits consistent properties and composition throughout. A solution is considered to be in equilibrium when no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A student combines \(60.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.250 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\) with \(60.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.125 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\). What is the \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) molar concentration in the resulting solution?

What do we mean when we say that solute particles diffuse through a solution?

Give precise instructions to your laboratory assistant as to how to prepare \(1.00 \mathrm{~L}\) of a \(1.00 \mathrm{M}\) aqueous solution of sucrose, \(\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}\). Remember that she will be measuring out the sucrose in grams. She has available a 1-L volumetric flask.

You have two solutions, one \(0.650 \mathrm{M}\) iron(III) nitrate and the other \(1.500 \mathrm{M}\) ammonium carbonate. (a) Write a net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction that occurs when these solutions are combined. (b) If you pour \(200.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of each solution into the same flask, what is the theoretical yield of the precipitate in grams? (c) What is the molar concentration of the excess reactant ion?

A solution of a particular solid solute in water has a concentration of \(25.0\) mass \(\%\). (a) Given \(100.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of this solution, how many grams of solute do you have? (b) Given \(48.0 \mathrm{~g}\) of this solution, how many grams of solute do you have? (c) How many grams of this solution do you need to obtain \(56.5 \mathrm{~g}\) of solute?
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