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Chapter 13: Problem 32
Which branch of chemistry concerns itself with the study of reaction rates and the factors that affect rates?
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The reaction \(\mathrm{A}+2 \mathrm{~B}+\mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{AB}_{2} \mathrm{C}\) has a rate that does not change when more \(C\) is added to the reaction flask. Suppose the overall reaction order is 2, and the reaction is first-order with respect to \(\mathrm{A}\). (a) Write the rate law for this reaction, (b) What is the order for reactant \(C ?\)
If a reaction rate has a second-order dependence on a given reactant concentration, what will happen to the rate when the concentration of that reactant is doubled?
Compound A has half as much energy in it as compound \(\mathrm{B}\). If compound A converts to \(\mathrm{B}\), will this reaction release energy into the surroundings or absorb energy from the surroundings? Explain your answer.
Determine the value of \(E_{\mathrm{a}}\) and \(\Delta E_{\mathrm{rxn}}\) for each case below. Also indicate whether each reaction is endothermic or exothermic. $$\begin{array}{lccc} & \begin{array}{l} \text { Energy of } \\ \text { reactants, kJ } \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} \text { Energy of } \\ \text { transition state, kJ } \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} \text { Energy of } \\ \text { products, kJ } \end{array} \\ \hline \text { (a) } & 100 & 150 & 130 \\ \text { (b) } & 100 & 150 & 70 \\ \text { (c) } & 50 & 175 & 130 \\ \text { (d) } & 20 & 40 & 10 \\ \hline \end{array}$$
\(\Delta E_{\mathrm{rxn}}\) for the reaction \(\mathrm{X} \rightarrow \mathrm{Y}\) is \(+30 \mathrm{~kJ}\). (a) Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? (b) Rewrite the reaction showing heat as either a reactant or a product. (c) What is the value of \(\Delta E_{\mathrm{rxn}}\) for the reverse reaction \(\mathrm{Y} \rightarrow \mathrm{X} ?\) (d) Is the reverse reaction endothermic or exothermic? (e) Will the container in which the forward reaction \(\mathrm{X} \rightarrow\) Y occurs feel hot or cold to the touch? Why?
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