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Chapter 15: Problem 70

Name the acids: (a) \(\mathrm{HCl}\) (b) \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) (c) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (d) HF (e) \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}\) (f) \(\mathrm{NH}_{1} \mathrm{Cl}\).

Short Answer

Expert verified
(a) Hydrochloric acid (b) Nitric acid (c) Sulfuric acid (d) Hydrofluoric acid (e) Acetic acid (f) NH\(_1\)Cl is not an acid, it could be either NH\(_4\)Cl (ammonium chloride) or NH\(_3\) (ammonia).

Step by step solution

01

(a) Naming HCl

HCl is a binary acid, made up of hydrogen (H) and chlorine (Cl). In hydracids, we use the prefix "hydro-" and the suffix "-ic" followed by the word "acid". So, HCl is called hydrochloric acid.
02

(b) Naming HNO\(_3\)

HNO\(_3\) is an oxyacid formed by hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). Oxyacids are named with the suffix "-ic" followed by the word "acid" when the anion has more oxygen atoms, and the suffix "-ous" followed by "acid" when the anion has fewer oxygen atoms. In this case, HNO\(_3\) is named as nitric acid.
03

(c) Naming H\(_2\)SO\(_4\)

H\(_2\)SO\(_4\) is also an oxyacid, consisting of hydrogen (H), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O). Similar to HNO\(_3\), we name oxyacids by identifying the number of oxygen atoms. Since H\(_2\)SO\(_4\) has four oxygen atoms, it is named as sulfuric acid.
04

(d) Naming HF

HF is another hydracid formed by hydrogen (H) and fluorine (F). Following the same naming convention as HCl, we name HF as hydrofluoric acid.
05

(e) Naming CH\(_3\)COOH

CH\(_3\)COOH, also known as acetic acid, is a carboxylic acid. It's an organic compound containing a carboxyl group (\(\mathrm{COOH}\)) bonded to a methyl group (CH\(_3\)). The \(\mathrm{COOH}\) group gives this compound its acidic properties. This acid is a common component in vinegar and is well known as acetic acid.
06

(f) Naming NH\(_1\)Cl

NH\(_1\)Cl seems to be an error in the given exercise, as it is not an acid. An acid should have a hydrogen atom that can be donated as a proton. The correct formula could be either NH\(_4\)Cl, which is a salt (ammonium chloride), or NH\(_3\), which is a weak base (ammonia).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Using dot diagrams, write a reaction showing how the phenoxide ion, \(\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}^{-}\) can act as a weak base in water.

The pH of a solution is 8 . (a) What is the \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) concentration? (b) What is the OH concentration? (c) Is this solution acidic or basic?

Consider the autoionization of water. (a) What do we mean by autoionization of water (b) Write a balanced equation to go along with your explanation. (c) An alternate name for autoionization of water is autodissociation. Exactly how is water dissociating?

Perchloric acid, \(\mathrm{HClO}_{4}\), is a strong acid. (a) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between perchloric acid and water. (b) List all species present in an aqueous solution of perchloric acid in order of concentration, highest to lowest. (c) Calculate the concentration of all species (except \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) ) present in a \(0.100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HClO}_{4}\) solution. (d) What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of this solution?

True or false? In an aqueous solution at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), you will always get the same number when you multiply the equilibrium \(\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) concentration by the equilibrium OH \(^{-}\) concentration. Explain your answer.
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