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Chapter 17: Problem 111

Draw the structural formulas for 1-chloropropane, 1-propanol, 1-aminopropane, 2-propanone, propanoic acid, and propanal. Then label each molecule indicating the type of functionalized hydrocarbon it is (alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, and so on).

Short Answer

Expert verified
The structural formulas for the given molecules are: 1. 1-chloropropane (alkyl halide): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2Cl\) 2. 1-propanol (alcohol): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2OH\) 3. 1-aminopropane (amine): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2NH_2\) 4. 2-propanone (ketone): \(CH_3-CO-CH_3\) 5. Propanoic acid (carboxylic acid): \(CH_3-CH_2-COOH\) 6. Propanal (aldehyde): \(H-CO-CH_2-CH_3\)

Step by step solution

01

1. 1-chloropropane

: 1-chloropropane is an alkyl halide derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 1st position with the chlorine atom. The structural formula for 1-chloropropane is: \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2Cl\)
02

2. 1-propanol

: 1-propanol is an alcohol derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 1st position with the hydroxyl group (-OH). The structural formula for 1-propanol is: \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2OH\)
03

3. 1-aminopropane

: 1-aminopropane is an amine derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 1st position with the amine group (-NH2). The structural formula for 1-aminopropane is: \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2NH_2\)
04

4. 2-propanone

: 2-propanone is a ketone derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 2nd position with the carbonyl group (C=O). The structural formula for 2-propanone is: \(CH_3-CO-CH_3\)
05

5. Propanoic acid

: Propanoic acid is a carboxylic acid derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 1st position with the carboxyl group (-COOH). The structural formula for propanoic acid is: \(CH_3-CH_2-COOH\)
06

6. Propanal

: Propanal is an aldehyde derived from propane. To draw its structural formula, we will follow these steps: a. Draw the 3-carbon backbone of the propane. b. Replace the hydrogen atom at the 1st position with the aldehyde group (H-C=O). The structural formula for propanal is: \(H-CO-CH_2-CH_3\) To summarize, we have drawn the structural formulas for: 1. 1-chloropropane (alkyl halide): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2Cl\) 2. 1-propanol (alcohol): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2OH\) 3. 1-aminopropane (amine): \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2NH_2\) 4. 2-propanone (ketone): \(CH_3-CO-CH_3\) 5. Propanoic acid (carboxylic acid): \(CH_3-CH_2-COOH\) 6. Propanal (aldehyde): \(H-CO-CH_2-CH_3\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What kind of hydrocarbons are called aliphatic and where does the word aliphatic come from?

What do we mean by the expression functional group?

Write the equilibrium reaction associated with molecules of the type \(\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{COOH}\). To which side does the equilibrium lie? What does this imply?

A functional group you did not learn about is called an acid chloride, shown below. Notice how the amine reacts with it. Give a reason or reasons for why the nitrogen atom of the amine seeks out the carbonyl atom of the acid chloride and can form a bond to it.

Name all the functional groups possible for molecules that have the molecular formulas (a) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}\) (b) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}\), (c) \(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{8} \mathrm{O}_{2} .\) Draw a structural formula for each functionalized hydrocarbon.
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