Chapter 17: Problem 82

Although it was not discussed in the chapter, it is possible for a hydrocarbon molecule to have more than one site of unsaturation. One such molecule is 1,3 -butadiene; the \(d i\) - tells us there are two double bonds in the molecule. Give the molecular formula and line drawing for this molecule.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The molecular formula for 1,3-butadiene is \(C_4H_8\), and its line drawing is as follows: ``` H H \ / C = C - C = C / \ / H H H ```

Step by step solution

Identify the prefix of the molecule's name

In this case, the prefix is "buta," which corresponds to the 4-carbon chain alkane called butane.

Modify the molecular formula based on the number of double bonds

Since we know there are two double bonds in the molecule, we need to update the molecular formula by removing 2 hydrogen atoms. The general formula for alkanes is CₙH₂ₙ₊₂, and thus, the molecular formula for butane (with no double bonds) would be C4H10. However, since our molecule has two double bonds, we should remove 2 hydrogen atoms from butane, resulting in the molecular formula C4H8 for 1,3-butadiene.

Deduce the positions of the double bonds based on IUPAC nomenclature

The "1,3" in the name indicates the position of the carbon atoms with double bonds in the molecule. So, the first double bond is between carbon atoms 1 and 2, and the second double bond is between carbon atoms 3 and 4.

Draw the line structure of the molecule (line drawing)

From the previous steps, we know that 1,3-butadiene has a 4-carbon chain with two double bonds positioned like this: C=C-C=C. The line drawing for the molecule should look like this: ``` H H \ / C = C - C = C / \ / H H H ``` To conclude, 1,3-butadiene has the molecular formula C4H8, and its line drawing is a 4-carbon chain having two double bonds as shown above.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

Full Textbook Solutions
Get detailed explanations and key concepts
Unlimited Al creation
Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...
Ads-free access
To over 500 millions flashcards
Money-back guarantee
We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Although it was not discussed in the chapter, it is possible for a hydrocarbon molecule to have more than one site of unsaturation. One such molecule is 1,3 -butadiene; the \(d i\) - tells us there are two double bonds in the molecule. Give the molecular formula and line drawing for this molecule.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Identify the prefix of the molecule's name

Modify the molecular formula based on the number of double bonds

Deduce the positions of the double bonds based on IUPAC nomenclature

Draw the line structure of the molecule (line drawing)

One App. One Place for Learning.

Most popular questions from this chapter

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemistry Branches

The Earths Atmosphere

Chemical Reactions

Nuclear Chemistry

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Making Measurements

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.